中国文化英语教程Unit5课堂PPT.ppt

1Unit 5 Eco-awareness in Traditional Chinese Culture2pLead-inpText studypExercisesContent3Lead-inWatch a video clip of the English documentary Watch a video clip of the English documentary HomeHome, and notice the eco-philosophy it holds., and notice the eco-philosophy it holds.4pIntroductionpThe Philosophy of “Life”pEcological AestheticspHumans at One with Other Living ThingsText study5Introduction•Protection of the eco-environment is capturing wider international attention today.•Eco-ethics and eco-philosophy have arisen in the face of the increasingly serious ecological crisis facing the whole world.6Eco-ethics and eco-philosophy•The main idea of eco-ethics and eco-philosophy is to replace “human-centrism (人类中心主义)” with “eco-holism (生态整体主义)”.•It holds that all living things in the earth’s biosphere are entitled to equal rights similar to those of human beings, or the rights to survival and development. Introduction7•When we examine traditional Chinese culture, we also find from ancient times a strong eco-consciousness that is at one with eco-ethics and eco-philosophy.采采菊菊东东篱篱下下悠悠然然见见南南山山山山气气日日夕夕佳佳飞飞鸟鸟相相与与还还Introduction8The Philosophy of “Life (生)”• •Traditional Chinese philosophy is a philosophy of Traditional Chinese philosophy is a philosophy of “life”.“life”.ØØConfuciusConfuciusüü“Heaven is the“Heaven is the source of all living things.”source of all living things.”üüThe “creation of life” is the “Heavenly WayThe “creation of life” is the “Heavenly Way ( (天道天道) )” and the” and the “Heavenly Destination“Heavenly Destination ( (天命天命) )”. ”. ØØThe Book of Changes The Book of Changes ( (YijingYijing) ) üü“The continuous creation of life is change“The continuous creation of life is change ( (生生生之谓易生之谓易).).” ” üüThe great virtue of Heaven andThe great virtue of Heaven and Earth is Earth is creating lifecreating life ( (天地之大德曰生天地之大德曰生) ).“.“ 9The Philosophy of “Life (生)”ØØMenciusMenciusüü“(One should) love one‘s family, love the “(One should) love one‘s family, love the people, and love all living things in the people, and love all living things in the worldworld ( (亲亲而仁民，仁民而爱物亲亲而仁民，仁民而爱物) ).” .” ØØConfucian thinkers of later generations carried onConfucian thinkers of later generations carried on the idea of “Heaven and Earth giving birth to all the idea of “Heaven and Earth giving birth to all lifelife ( (天地生物之心天地生物之心) )”, and thus emphasized love for ”, and thus emphasized love for andand kindness toward all living things.kindness toward all living things.10• •Many prominent Confucian scholars of theMany prominent Confucian scholars of the Song Song Dynasty (960-1279) echoed their master's view Dynasty (960-1279) echoed their master's view on life.on life.周周敦敦颐颐程程颐颐张张载载程程颢颢The Philosophy of “Life (生)”11“Heaven creates life through “Heaven creates life through yangyang and nurturesand nurtures ( (养育养育) ) life through life through yinyin ( (天以阳生万物，以阴成万物天以阳生万物，以阴成万物) ).” .” —Zhou Dunyi (1017-1073) —Zhou Dunyi (1017-1073) Note:Zhou Dunyi: 周敦颐。

北宋理学家，曾撰写《太极图书》和《通书》 The Philosophy of “Life (生)”周周敦敦颐颐12“The nature of life is love“The nature of life is love ( (生之性便是仁生之性便是仁) ).” .” —Cheng Yi (1033-1107) —Cheng Yi (1033-1107)Note:Cheng Yi: 程颐称伊川先生，河南府（今河南洛阳）人，与程颢为兄弟，世称“二程”，同受学于理学创始人周敦颐，后建立了自己的理学体系程程颐颐The Philosophy of “Life (生)”13“All people in the world are my “All people in the world are my brothers and all beings in the brothers and all beings in the world are my companionsworld are my companions ( (民吾民吾同胞，物吾与也同胞，物吾与也) ).“.“ —Zhang Hengqu (1020- —Zhang Hengqu (1020-1077) 1077) Note:Zhang Hengqu: 张横渠，名载，字子厚，北宋哲学家，人称横渠先生。

理学支脉“关学”创始人，反对“有生于无”的思想，提出“太虚”即“元气”、“气”，是万物生成的本源The Philosophy of “Life (生)”14“Those with love regard “Those with love regard themselves as the same as themselves as the same as other living things in the worldother living things in the world ( (仁者以天地万物为一体仁者以天地万物为一体) ).” .” —Cheng Hao (1032-1085) —Cheng Hao (1032-1085) Note:Cheng Hao: 程颢称明道先生，为程颐兄弟二程”为理学的奠基者The Philosophy of “Life (生)”15Note:Zheng Banqiao: 郑板桥清代著名画家，“扬州八怪”的主要代表，以三绝“诗、书、画”闻名于世的书画家、文学家I loved all living things in the world, be it an ant or an insect. This was the ‘will of Heaven’, and that human beings should understand Heaven’s will.” —Zheng Banqiao (1693-1765)The Philosophy of “Life (生)”16• •Related to eco-ethics and eco-philosophy is theRelated to eco-ethics and eco-philosophy is the eco-aesthetics of traditional Chinese culture.eco-aesthetics of traditional Chinese culture.瘦西湖Slender West Lake in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, a scene of vibrant lifeEcological Aesthetics17Ecological Aesthetics18• •Ancient Chinese thinkers Ancient Chinese thinkers regarded nature, with human regarded nature, with human beings included in it, as the beings included in it, as the world of life. All living things in world of life. All living things in the world have their own life and the world have their own life and state of being.state of being.Ecological Aesthetics19Ecological Aesthetics20Ecological Aesthetics21•Love for all living things in the world and appreciation for their state of being can often be found in ancient works of art and literature.Humans at One with Other Living ThingsArt•Dong Qichang (1555-1636), a famous painter of the late Ming Dynasty, explained that, most artists enjoyed a long life because everything they observed was full of life.Note:Dong Qichang: 董其昌。

华亭派”的主要代表，精于书画鉴赏，其书画风格名重当世，并成为明代艺坛的主流22•Dong You, collector and connoisseur (鉴赏家) of the Song Dynasty, emphasized that artists should depict (描绘) the state of life, which exists in nature. Therefore, artists should observe and learn from nature.Humans at One with Other Living Things•Wang Gai (1654-1710) of the Qing Dynasty compared the happiness of fish in their natural world to that of humans in their natural world. Note:Wang Gai: 王概擅诗画，传世作品有康熙《玉山观画图》轴等；且擅诗文，著有《澄心堂纸赋》称于时23Humans at One with Other Living ThingsA work of Wang Gai24Literature•In the poems of the Tang and Song dynasties, when Chinese poetry reached the apex (预点) of development, birds and flowers were often depicted as if they had human feelings.感感时时花花溅溅泪泪恨恨别别鸟鸟惊惊心心落落花花人人独独立立微微雨雨燕燕双双归归Humans at One with Other Living Things25• •In In Strange Tales from Make-do Studio Strange Tales from Make-do Studio ( (LiaozhaiLiaozhai ZhiyiZhiyi), by ), by PuPu SonglingSongling (1640-1715), human (1640-1715), human beings and other living things are described as beings and other living things are described as being of the same kind. Many of the stories tell of being of the same kind. Many of the stories tell of love between men and beautiful women love between men and beautiful women incarnated incarnated ( (化身的化身的) ) from plants or animals. from plants or animals. Note:1. Strange Tales from Make-do Studio:《聊斋志异》。

清代文言短篇小说集，蒲松龄撰，合计近500篇故事来源非常广泛，具有很高的思想价值和独特的艺术风格2. Pu Songling:蒲松龄清代文学家，别号柳泉居士，山东淄川（今属淄博市）人Humans at One with Other Living Things26Pu SonglingPu SonglingHumans at One with Other Living Things27ExercisespComprehensionpCommunicationpApplication28Comprehensionl. Skimming and ScanningGo through the passage quickly and answer the following questions briefly. 1) What does the first paragraph mainly point out?2) What is emphasized in the Confucian philosophy of “life”?The first paragraph mainly points out the urgency of the ecological problemsIn the Confucian philosophy of “life”, love for and kindness toward all living things are emphasized.293) According to Zheng Banqiao, what is the “will of Heaven”?According to Zheng Banqiao, the “will of Heaven” is to love all living things in the world, be it an ant or an insect.4) What is eco-aesthetics of traditional Chinese culture related to?Eco-aesthetics of traditional Chinese culture is related to eco-ethics and eco-philosophy.Comprehension306) In the poems of the Tang and Song dynasties, how were birds and flowers usually depicted?In the poems of the Tang and Song dynasties, birds and flowers were often depicted as if they had human feelings.Comprehension5) Why do Chinese painters never paint dead animals?Chinese painters never paint dead animals because they love all living things in the world and appreciate their state of being.31II. Careful Reading1. Read the passage carefully and fill in the following blanks with the missing information.1)Human beings have done so much damage to the natural environment that __________________ ____ .2) The quotations from Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Zai, and Cheng Hao show that _______________________ ________________________________________ _____________________________________.Comprehension the very existence of human beings themselves is threatened Confucian love starts from loving one’s family and other people, to loving all living things in the world324) Zhou Dunyi found pleasure in _____________ _____________________, while Cheng Hao enjoyed observing living things such as ________ and ___ .Comprehension observing the natural growth of grassfishnewly hatched chicks3) Zheng Banqiao advised people _______________ to _______________ instead of ___________________ if they really love birds.plant more treeskeeping them in a cageas birds’ home335)Many Chinese painters believed that in order to bring vitality to their works, they must ___________________________________________. 6) The story of “Xiangyu” is a good example to illustrate that ____________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________.Comprehensionobserve and learn from naturehumans and other living things are ofthe same kind and they share weal and woe together342. Put each of the following into English and then compare your translation with that in the passage．1)天以阳生万物，以阴成万物。

——周敦颐2) 生之性便是仁 ——程颐Heaven creates life through yang and nurtures life through yin. — Zhou DunyiThe nature of life is love. — Cheng YiComprehension35 4) 民吾同胞，物吾与也 ——张载5) 仁者以天地万物为一体 ——程颢All people in the world are my brothers and all beings in the world are my companions. — Zhang ZaiThose with love regard themselves as the same as other living things in the world. — Cheng HaoComprehension3)亲亲而仁民，仁民而爱物。

——孟子(One should) love one’s family, love the people, and love all living things in the world. — Mencius366) 我图娱悦，彼在囚牢，何情何理，而必屈物之性以适吾性乎 ——郑板桥7) 万物之生意最可观 ——程颢It is unreasonable to keep them in a cage just to please myself, to oppress their nature to suit my nature! — Zheng Banqiao Life and its state of being is most worthy of appreciation. — Cheng HaoComprehension37Communication The following are some quotes from Chinese and foreign poets. Read them carefully and find out their views about man and nature.泥融飞燕子，沙暖睡鸳鸯。

——杜甫 一重一掩吾肺腑，山鸟山花吾友于 ——杜甫人鸟不相乱，见兽皆相亲 ——王维一松一竹真朋友，山鸟山花好弟兄 ——辛弃疾高秋总馈贫人实，来岁还舒满眼花 ——杜甫38Woodman spare the tree! Touch not a single bough! In youth it sheltered me. And I’ll protect it now.— George Pope MorrisWe cannot command nature except by obeying her.— Francis BaconWhen one tugs at a single thing in nature, he finds it attached to the rest of the world.— John MuirCommunicationThe chessboard is the world, the pieces are the phenomena of the universe, the rules of the game are what we call the laws of Nature. The player on the other side is hidden from us.— Thomas Henry Huxley39How I do love the earth. I feel it thrill under my feet. I feel somehow as if it were conscious of my love, as if something passed into my dancing blood from it.— James Russell LowellCommunicationThe sky is the daily bread of the eyes.— Ralph Waldo EmersonThe laws of nature are written deep in the folds and faults of the earth. By encouraging men to learn those laws one can lead them further to a knowledge of the author of all laws.— John Joseph Lynch40ApplicationChinese philosophy has always emphasized immanence (内在性) and unity. While Western dualism (二元论) leads to opposition between man and nature, Chinese monism (一元论) leads to harmony between the two. Most Chinese philosophers share this unique view. Tell what you know about the Chinese idiom Tian Ren He Yi.41Thank You!42。