完形填空和阅读理解.doc

Passage 1Can animals be made to work for us? Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained to do a number of simple jobs that are now done by human beings. They pointed out that at a circus(马戏团)，for example, we may see elephants, monkeys, dogs and other animals doing quite skillful things. Perhaps you have seen on television or in a film. If you watch closely, you may notice that the trainer always gives the animal a piece candy or a piece of fruit as a reward. The scientists say that many different animals may be trained to do a number of simple jobs if they know they will get a reward for doing them.Of course, as we know, dogs can be used to guard a house, and soldiers in both old and modern times have used geese to give a warning by making a lot of noise when a stranger or an enemy comes neat. But it may be possible to train animals to work in factories. In Russia, for example, pigeons, which are birds with good eyesight, are being used to watch out for faults in small steel balls that are being made in one factory. When the pigeon sees a ball which looks different from others, it touches a steel plate with its beak. This turns on a light to warn people in the factory. At the same time a few seeds are given as a reward. It takes three to five weeks to train a pigeon to do this and one pigeon can inspect 3000 to 4000 balls an hour. Apes（猿） have been used in America in helping to make cars, and scientists believe that these large monkeys may be used one day to gather crops and even drive trains.41. What made scientists think animals can be made to work for us one day?A. Animals are very skillful at a circus.B. They are big and strong.C. Some animals are as clever as human beings. D. Animals can be trained because they like to get something as a reward.42. The trainer usually gives the animal a piece of candy or fruit __________.A. when it is hungryB. before it plays a trickC. when it starts to play a trick D. after it has done the trick43. The “reward” in the passage means _________.A. an honor given for doing somethingB. money paid for doing somethingC. attention paid to good conductD. something given in return for work44. Many animals may be trained to so simple jobs if they know ________.A. who their trainers areB. they will be praised by their trainersC. they will get a rewardD. something dangerous will happen to them45. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Scientists believe apes may drive trains some day.B. Apes have worked in some factories.C. Apes may one day be used to gather crops,D. The apes is not a large monkey.A D D C DPassage 2 Robots, becoming an increasingly prevalent adjunct in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world, are programmed and engineered mechanical manipulators designed to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.Most of today’s robots are employed in the automotive industry, where they are programmed to take over such assembly line operations as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. They also load and unload hot, heavy meal forms used in machines casting auto and truck frames. In addition, they install bulbs in instrument panels. Robots, already taking over human tasks in the automotive field, are beginning to be seen, although to a lesser degree, in other industries as well. There they build electric motors, small appliances, pocket calculators, and even watches. The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials, sparing human personnel exposure to radiation. These are the robots responsible for the reduction in job-related injuries in this new industry. What makes a robot a robot and not just another kind of automatic machine? Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one special task, they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one. As an example, a robot doing spot welding one month can be reprogrammed and switched to spray painting the next. Automatic machines, on the other hand, are less versatile; they are built to perform only one task. Robots are more flexible and adaptable and usually more transportable than other machines.The next generation of robots will be able to see objects, will have a sense of touch, and will make critical decisions. Engineers skilled in microelectronics and computer technology are developing article vision for robots. With the ability to “see”, robots can identify and inspect one specific class of objects out of a stack of different kinds of materials. One robots vision system uses electronic digital cameras containing many rows of light-sensitive materials. When light from one objects such as a machine part strikes the camera, the sensitive materials measure the intensity of light and convert the light rays into a range of numbers. The numbers are part of gray-scale system in which brightness is measured in a range of values. One scale ranges fro。