海洋油气工程专业英语1.pdf

English Course for Offshore Oil & Gas Engineering 海洋油气工程英语教程海洋油气工程英语教程 主讲：周建萍主讲：周建萍 2015-11-10 课程简介：  侧重培养学生侧重培养学生阅读阅读海洋油气工程海洋油气工程专业专业相关相关英文文献英文文献 及及科技论文科技论文摘要写作摘要写作能力能力  课程中讲授的课程中讲授的英文英文资料资料涵盖了专业学习的各个环节涵盖了专业学习的各个环节 包括：包括：海洋油气工程环境海洋油气工程环境、、油藏工程基础油藏工程基础、、海洋钻井工海洋钻井工 程程、、采油工程采油工程、、产出液储运和处理产出液储运和处理、、腐蚀防护腐蚀防护、、深水油深水油 气技术气技术 教材及参考书：  海洋油气工程英语教程 吴学东 周建萍 中国石油大学出版社，2014-12 石油工程英语，石油工业出版社， 2005 油气储运英语教程， 中国石油大学出版社 学时安排学时安排 周次 课时 课时安排 10 11 4 Unit 1 Sea Environments Related to Oil and Gas Engineering 4 Unit 2 Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering 12 2 Unit 3 Offshore Drilling Engineering 2 Unit 3 Offshore Drilling Engineering 13 2 2 Unit 4 Production Engineering 14 2 2 Unit 5 Well Fluids Processing And Transportation 15 2 Unit 6 Corrosion Prevention 2 16 4 Unit 7 Deep-water Oil and Gas Engineering 17 4 Final Exam 课程期末考试课程期末考试 7070% % 阅读翻译 摘要写作 课堂考勤及表现 10% 期末阅读与答辩 20% Unit 1 Sea Environments Related to Oil and Gas Engineering New words air gap 气隙气隙 casing 油井套管油井套管 chagrin [ʃəˈgrin] v. 使懊恼使懊恼 cypress [ˈsaɪprəs] n. 柏树柏树 derrick [ˈderɪk] n. 塔式井架塔式井架 drilling rig 钻井设备钻井设备 floating pile driver 浮动式打桩机浮动式打桩机 flowlines 出油管出油管 FPSO（（ Floating Production Storage and Offloading）） 浮式生产储油缷油装置浮式生产储油缷油装置 New words heave 垂荡垂荡 high-frequency motion 高频运动高频运动 immolation[iməuˈleiʃən] n. 殉葬殉葬 jack-up rigs 自升式钻井平台自升式钻井平台 mean drift 平均漂移平均漂移 oscillatory [ˈɒsɪlətərɪ] adj. 振荡的；摆动的振荡的；摆动的 pier [pɪə] n. 桥墩桥墩 pitch 纵摇纵摇 potential flow effect 势流效应势流效应 potential flow 势流（流体力学）势流（流体力学） New words resonance period 共振周期共振周期 roll 横摇横摇 slow drift motion 慢漂运动慢漂运动 spar 深水浮筒平台深水浮筒平台 subsea system 水下采油系统（见注释水下采油系统（见注释[5]）） surge 纵荡纵荡 sway 横荡横荡 tether [ˈteð ə] n. 系链系链 timber platforms 木质平台木质平台 TLP（（ Tension Leg Platform）） 张力腿平台张力腿平台 viscous effect 黏滞效应黏滞效应 wave diffraction 波浪绕射波浪绕射 wave frequency motion 波频运动波频运动 wave-induced motion 波浪诱导运动波浪诱导运动 wildcatter [ˈwaildkætə（（ r）） ] n. 石油勘探者石油勘探者 yaw 艏摇艏摇 New words 1.1 Introduction to Sea loads and platform motions Operating in oceans or seas—offshore— presents special problems to oil producers that they do not have to face on land sites. The intention of this unit is to provide the basic information on wave, current, wind, and ice that is needed to evaluate the sea load and platform motions on finding, producing, and transporting oil and gas. 1.1.1 The technical evolution of the offshore exploration Most petrohistorians trace offshore exploration and production to Summerland, California. In 1897, at this idyllic-sounding spot just southeast of Santa Barbara, Summerland's founder, a spiritualist and sometimes wildcatter, H. L. Williams, boldly inched into the surf. With oil seeping from the ground back for hundreds of yards from the water's edge, Williams skipped the exploration stage and immediately build three wooden piers some 450 Yard out from the shoreline. Water depths reached 35 feet (Fig 1-1). Fig.1-1 Piers and derricks at Summerland, California, 1901 1.1.1 The technical evolution of the offshore exploration Over the nest three years, he erected 20 derricks atop the piers. The power generators and other supporting equipment sat along the beachfront. Williams's crew, like most other drillers at that time, had not yet adopted drilling rigs. Instead they set a steel pipe, called a casing, from the drilling platform down through the sandy bottom. Then they used cable tools to pound their way down 455 feet to two oil sands [2]. 1.1.1 The technical evolution of the offshore exploration Scores of other venturers copied the pier and derrick technique along the California coast over the next ten years. At one, the Elwood field, the piers extended 1800 feet from the shore, and still reached a water depth of only 30 feet (9.1m). Not until 1932 did the Indian Oil Company courageously build a stand-alone platform in the shallow Pacific Ocean waters off Rincon California. In the area around Lake Caddo in East Texas over the years following 1900, wildcatters searching for oil continually stumbled on pockets of associated natural gas-the chagrin of most. Gas cost much more to transport and required large discoveries and dense populations to create a market. Only one out of three of these conditions appealed to an East Texas wildcatter. In 1907, J. B. McCann, a scout for Gulf Oil Corporation [3], mulled over maps of the Lake Caddo area and thought about the gassy province that lay below. Late one night, he used a novel tool to prove his theories. He rowed across the lake, carefully touching lighted matches to the vapors bubbling from the waters. Besides successfully avoiding self-immolation, he convinced himself and eventually W. L. Mellon in Gulf headquarters at Pittsburg, that a large oil and gas field crossed under the lake Gulf acquired the concession to drill 8,000 acres of lake bottom and brought new techniques to the area and to the industry. Starting in 1910, they towed up the Mississippi and Red Rivers a floating pile driver, a fleet of suppl。