重大版高中B1U5非限定性定从.doc

1高一英语 B1U5 非限定性定从复习一、概念定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种对比：This is the house which we bought last month. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.总结：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对主句或主句的一部分附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚这种从句，写时往往逗号分开二、用法.引导非限定定从关系词：关系代词： 成分 指代人 指代物主 who which,as宾表 Whomwhich,asas定 of whom, whose of which,whose关系副词有：when,where，for which (不能用 why)类型：1 who引导的非限制性定语从句 Our guide，who was a Frenchman，was an excellent cook.2 whom引导的非限制性定语从句关系代词 whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。

如：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.= Mr Smith，whom I have learned a lot from，is a famous scientist.3 whose引导的非限制性定语从句whose在从句中作定语whose/of whom 通常指人，也可指物 whose/of which如：I knew Li Ming, whose uncle is a teacher. =I knew Li Ming, the uncle of whom is a teacher.I saw the mountain, whose top was covered with snow.=I saw the mountain, the top of which was covered with snow.4 which引导的非限制性定语从句2关系代词 which指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。

① which 指代主句中的名词如：She is an artist，which I am not.② which 指代主句中的形容词如：She is always careless，which we should not be.③ which 指代主句中的某个从句如：He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.④ which 指代整个主句如：In front of so many people he was nervous, which was understandable.5 when引导的非限制性定语从句when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语如：He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.6. where引导的非限制性定语从句关系where 在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语如：They went to London，where they lived for six months.7. as引导的非限制性定语从句。

As引导非限定性定语从句时，指代整个主句，对其进行说明常用于句式有 as we all know, as it is known, as is known to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等as在非限定性定语从句中作主语，表语或宾语从句位置可位于句首，句末或置于主句中间通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开as有“正如……， 就像……”之意如：He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case.（作主）He is absorbed in work, as he often was.（作表）As we all know, the earth is round.　　（作宾）　　Taiwan is，as you know，an inseparable part of China.　　(作宾)8. “介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句　which有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词，而是概括整个主句的意思。

介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配I finished my work on time, after which I did some reading .They thanked Tom，without whose support they would not have succeeded. 9. “名词/代词+of+which / whom” 3There are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.The factory has over 8，000 workers，eighty percent of whom are women.总结：区分不同用法所表示的含义规则注意 1. which 引导的非限定性定语从句是用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在非限定性定语从句中，关系词不能用 that 在非限制性定语从句中用 who(作主语) / whom(作宾语)指人，用 which(作主语 / 宾语)指物， 用 whose作定语(指人 / 物)New York, which I visited last year, is a nice city.Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now.3.非限制性定语从句不可用 why引导， 需用 for which替代 why。

例如：None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.4.as 和 which的区别 1、as 引导的定语从句可以放在句首、句中和句尾，which 引导的定语从句只能放在句中例：As we all know, the earth is round.　三、 限制性从句和非限制性从句的区别 ： 限定性定从 非限定性定从作用：对先行词限定，修饰 补充，说明句子的一部分或整个主句　从句省略：从句不能省,如省，整句意思不完整 从句可省,如省，整句意思仍完整引导词：　可用 that，why 不可用 that ,why引导词省略：引导词有时可省 引导词不可省略 格式：　　主从句不需用逗号隔开 主从句需用逗号隔开四、易错点1. 引导限制性定语从句时，关系代词 which可以与 that互换；但引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用 which。

例 1.She heard a terrible noise, ______ frightened her. A. that B. which C. what D. who 例 2.She heard a terrible noise ______ frightened her. A. that B. / C. what D. who 解析： 例 1 that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故选 B例 2限制性定语从句可以用 which或 that来引导,故选 A2. 先行词为 reason时，限制性定语可以用 why或 for which来引导；非限制性定语从句则只能用 for which来引导 例 3.I had told them the reason, ______ I didn’t attend the meeting. A. for which B. at which C. for whom D. why4例 4I had told them the reason ______ I didn’t attend the meeting. A. when B. which C. why D. for that 解析： 例 3先行词为 reason时，非限制性定语从句应用 for which引导，故选 A。

例 4the reason why...是常见搭配，答案为 C3. 引导限制性定语从句的关系代词在从句中担任宾语时可以被省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词即使作宾语也不能省略例 5.He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,______ he loved and respected as his own mother. A. as B. which C. / D. whom 解析： 本句关系代词 whom引导非限制性定语从句并作宾语，不能被省略，故选 D4．引导限制性定语从句时并作从句宾语的关系代词 whom可以用 who来代替；但在非限制性定语从句中，whom 就不能用 who替换 例 6. Do you know Tom, _____ we talked about? A. which B. that C. whom D. who例 7.The journalist ______ the reporter mentioned is said to have been killed. Which of the following is wrong? A. who B. whom C. whose D. / 解析： 例 6应选 C。

例 7关系代词作 mentioned的宾语且指人时，可用who/whom/that，在限制性定语从句中可省略，故 C是错的5．非限制性定语从句还可以修饰整个句子，表示对主句的补充说明置于句首时，不能用 which引导关系代词 as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后 As I expected, he didn't believe me. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.6. 由“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句时，不能用as，只能用 which 例 10.He bought the car for more than $20,000,______ his father was angry. A. about that B. with as C. when D. with which 解析： 本句 which位于介词 with的后面，指代前面的主句，故答案为 D非限定性定从 高考题1. China Today attracts a worldwide reader。