高中英语2024届高考写作高分同义替换（共十六组）（有难度）.doc

高考英语写作高分同义替换（一）1 好处/优点(benefit)除了benefit/advantage之外，还有下面这些词可以表示好处/优点：merit、virtue、blessing、boon、good①merit常用作复数merits同时讨论优缺点时，一般与demerit(缺点)搭配Economists reconsider the merits of industrial policy, but some flaws are hard to fix.经济学家重新考虑了产业政策的优点，但有些缺陷很难修复This report will explore the merits and demerits of remote working.这篇报告将探讨远程工作的优缺点②virtue可以用于短语have the virture of有着...的优点One of the virtues of this job is the flexible hours.这份工作的一个优点就是工作时间灵活This means of transport has the virtue of convenience.这种交通方式有便利这一优点。

③blessing/boon表示好的事物由于是对事物的描述，因此经常作为表语：be a blessing/boonAutonomous vehicles are a blessing/boon to humanity.自动驾驶汽车对人类来说是福音④good表示好处；益处，是个不可数名词反义词为harm/damage，也是不可数We must work together for the good of the community.我们必须为了社区的利益而共同努力for the good of sb/sth为了...的利益】For employers, remote working may do more harm than good.对于雇主来说，远程工作可能弊大于利Such policies have the potential to do much good or considerable harm to the national interest.这类政策可能会对国家利益产生很大的好处或相当大的损害do good to/do harm to对...有好处/坏处】2 坏处(problem/disadvantage)drawback、downside、flip side、harm①drawback常与benefit搭配：benefit-drawback，与advantage-disadvantage差不多同等。

benefits除了与drawbacks搭配，还经常与risks/costs/problems搭配Against these uncertain benefits, the risks are clear.与这些不确定的好处相比，风险显而易见Those benefits must be weighed against the environmental harm.这些好处必须与其对环境的危害相权衡②downside/flip side表示事物不好的一面，一般用作单数形式Everyone wants to be rich and famous, but it does have its downside.每个人都想财名双收，但是这样确实也有其不好的一面Loss of privacy is the flip side of stardom.当明星的缺点就是没有隐私了3 利弊除了最常用的advantages and disadvantages和上面讲到的benefits and drawbacks/risks/costs以及merits and demerits，还可以用下面两组词表示利弊①pros and cons (of sth)表示事物的利弊。

需要注意，pros and cons是个固定短语，不能将pros和cons单独使用：the pros/cons of sth(X)Parents should weigh up the pros and cons of allowing their offspring access to the internet.父母应该权衡一下允许他们孩子上网的利弊②promise and pitfalls/perils前景和隐患/问题在描述新的事物(比如新科技)时，就可以用到这个组合这个短语凸显了英文中的一种对称美：前后并列的两个词首字母相同，再比如safe and sound(安然无恙的)、twists and turns(起伏；曲折)The promise and perils of artificial intelligence, which is still in its infancy, have yet to fully unfold.人工智能依然处于发展初期，其前景和问题还没有完全展现出来二）1 使减少(reduce/lower/decrease)cut、cut down (on)、trim、slash① cut是个非常常见的词，但是用来表示减少时，却非常地道。

但是很少有同学用到Switching to renewable energy is a necessary step towards cutting carbon emissions.转而使用可再生能源是实现减排的一个必要步骤② cut down on既可以表示减少...的数量，也可以表示降低做某事的频率(不利于健康的事)The machine significantly cuts down the amount of work necessary to harvest crops.这个机器大幅降低了收割作物所需的工作量Cutting down on high-calorie food is considered beneficial for one's health.减少食用高卡路里的食物被认为对健康有益 ③ Working remotely helps employees to trim their commuting cost.远程工作有助于员工降低其通勤成本④ slash表示大幅降低，相当于greatly reduceGovernments need to slash the licensing requirements and other barriers that make it hard for newcomers to enter occupations.政府需要大幅减少执照要求以及其他使新人很难进入职业的障碍。

2 减少(decrease)drop/diminish/fall/decline/go down、plummet/plunge、dwindle/taper off① drop/diminish/fall/decline/go down这几个词表示减少时，意思用法基本相同When supply rises, prices tend to fall/drop/decline/go down.供给增加，价格通常会下降② plummet/plunge表示骤降；突降比decrease在意思上多了个程度suddenly/quicklyThe last few years have seen people's enthusiasm for overseas travel plummet due to the pandemic.过去几年，由于疫情，人们对于出国旅游的热情大幅消减③ dwindle和taper off表示逐渐减少多了个程度graduallyAs more and more people go to college, the returns on investment in higher education are tapering off.随着越来越多的人上大学，对于高等教育的投资回报正在逐渐减少。

With the introduction of this policy, after-school tutoring has dwindled in significance.随着该政策的推出，课外培训的重要性已经逐渐降低Note：一些表示增减的不及物动词可以与in搭配，构成vi+in n，表示具体哪方面的增加/减少再比如：grow in number数量增加、gain in popularity更加流行、decrease in value价值降低3 削弱(make sth weaker)undermine、dilute、impair① undermine的英文释义为gradually make sth/sb less confident, effective or successful逐渐削弱undermine的宾语常见的有confidence、position(地位)、credibility(可信度)同义词】erodeHer confidence has been undermined/eroded by repeated failures.她的自信心因为屡次的失败慢慢消磨掉了② dilute的本义为稀释，衍生义主要表示降低...的效果。

常用搭配dilute the quality ofLarge classes dilute the quality of education that children receive.大班课会降低孩子们所受教育的质量③ impair通常搭配某种能力(ability)或身体官能带有damage的意思Drinking impairs a person's ability to think clearly.饮酒会影响一个人清晰思考的能力This disease impairs hearing and vision in elderly people.这个疾病会影响老年人的听力和视力三）一 使用；利用(use)take advantage of、utilise、employ、deploy①take (full) advantage of(充分)利用=make good use ofStudents should take full advantage of their spare time to pursue their hobbies.学生应该充分利用闲暇时间培养兴趣②utilise相当于use，但是比use更加正式。

utilise是英式拼写，美式写法为utilize其名词形式the utilisation of=the use ofWe must learn to utilise the resources we have.我们必须学会利用所拥有的资源This room is mainly utilised for training purposes.这个房间主要被用作训练③employ表示使用某种方式/手段常用搭配：employ a method/techniqueThe report examines teaching methods employed in the classroom.该报告研究了课堂中使用的教学方法④deploy常用来表示使用某种科技，the deployment of也可以替代the use ofNew 。