第1章 贸易术语.ppt

1,International Trade Terms and Customs,Chapter 1,2,【学习目标】,Definition of Trade Terms & Relative Customs 贸易术语的含义和有关的国际惯例（理解） Trade Terms in wide use（Key Point） 常用贸易术语及应用（重点） Rest of the Trade terms 其他贸易术语（了解） Application of the Trade Terms 贸易术语的应用（难点）,【技能掌握】,Can select and use trade terms correctly, carry out the price accurately, conclude the bargain price clause rationally about international goods . 能正确地选用贸易术语，准确地进行价格核算，合理地订立国际货物买卖合同价格条款3,,Major Contents本章内容,Section 3 FCA, CPT and CIP 在进口国交货的贸易术语,Section 4 the Selection of trade terms贸易术语的选用,Section 1 Trade Terms & Relative Customs贸易术语与相关国际贸易惯例,Section 2 FOB, CFR and CIF 在出口国交货的贸易术语,4,Section 1 Trade Terms & Relative Customs,,,,一,Trade Terms,,,,二,International trade customs,5,贸易 术语,贸易术语（Trade terms），又称交货条件、价格术语。

是在长期的国际贸易实践中产生的，用来表明商品的价格构成，说明货物交接过程中有关的风险、责任和费用划分问题的专门用语I、Definitions and functions of international trade terms 概念与作用,Sample： FOB CIF CFR ······,Definition Trade terms, also called price terms or price conditions, are abbreviations of letters or words specifying specific certain liabilities, costs and risks between the seller and buyer.,6,It covers two basic elements: 1) commodity price composition 2) Delivery conditions,USD200/set FOB Shanghai,Unit Price,Measuring unit,Currency,Note: A price must contain all the above factors and in the exact order.,Point /place of delivery,Trade Term,7,For example,每件(100磅)48美元FOB上海。

USD48 per bale(100 IBS.)FOB Shanghai．,Function,--- simplify dealing procedures --- improving efficiency --- …,8,Definition-- International trade customs International trade customs are universally recognized customary ways of doing business as well as explanation evolving in the long process of trade development. It has been compiled by relative international organizations into rules and regulations which are acquainted, recognized and adopted by many trading organizations in most countries. 在国际贸易中，由于各国法制度、贸易惯例与习惯做法不同，国际上对同一贸易术语的解释与运用也互有差池，因而容易引起贸易纠纷。

为了减少纠纷和避免争议，有些 国际组织和商业团体便先后制定了统一的解释贸易术语的规则II、International trade customs,9,Nature -- International trade customs not compulsory 不具有法律强制性 both parties are subject to it 约束双方 binding force 约束力 contract to be followed if conflict exist 合同优先 different clause could be made 契约至上契约自由,国际贸易惯例的地位： -- not compulsory，可被各国所超越； --Instructive指导性： 应用强制性（一旦订入合同，具有强制性）； 是判决、裁决之依据II、International trade customs 有关贸易术语的国际贸易惯例,10,Discuss,习惯做法和贸易惯例有什么区别？,国际贸易业务中反复实践的习惯做法只有经国际组织加以编纂与解释才形成为国际贸易惯例法律与国际贸易惯例是有什么本质不同？,国际贸易惯例本身不是法律，其适用是以当事人的意思自治为基础的，因此，国际贸易惯例对国际贸易双方当事人来说不具有强制性的约束力。

但目前国际贸易惯例与国际公约在强制力上的区别已经逐渐淡化，采用国际贸易惯例已经成为国际上的一种趋势11,Brief Introduction of Custom Practice,12,(1) Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 《1932年华沙-牛津规则》,Int’l Law Association国际法协会drafted the Warsaw Rules 1928 《1928年华沙规则》，explains CIF term in 22 articles.,Revised in 1930 in New York meeting, 1931in Paris & in 1932 in oxford, known as Warsaw & Oxford Rules 1932 in 21 articles. These rules have made stipulations on CIF contract as to the sellers’ and the buyers’ charges, liabilities and risks.,13,(2) Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 《1941年美国对外贸易定义修订本》,Six trade terms: Ex (Point of origin)、 FOB 、FAS、 C&F、 CIF 、Ex Dock, it is influential in American countries.,Drafted by nine American commercial institutions in 1919,Revised by The American Chamber of Commerce (美国商会), The National Importers Association (美国进口商协会) & The American Foreign Trade Association (美国全国对外贸易协会，联合委员会修改) in 1941.,14,FOB (named inland carrier at named inland point of departure)（在指定国起运地点的指定国内运输工具上交货） FOB (named inland carrier at named inland point of exportation) Freight Paid to (named point of exportation)（在指定国内起运地点的指定运输工具上交货，运费预付至指定出口地点） FOB (named inland carrier at named inland point of departure) Freight Allowed to (named point)（在指定国内起运地点的指定运输工具上交货，扣除至指定地点运费） FOB (named inland carrier at named point of exportation)（在指定出口地点的指定国内运输工具上交货） FOB Vessel (named port of shipment)（指定装货港船上交货） FOB (named inland point in country of importation)（进口国指定国内地点运输工具上交货）,1941美国对外贸易定义修订本对FOB规定的六种情况,,15,(3) INCOTERMS2000 《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》,Incoterms 2000，the latest version, contains 13 terms in 4 groups.,Exw (Group E) FOB, FAS, FCA, (Group F) CFR, CIF, CPT, CIP (Group C) DAF, DAS, DEQ, DDU, DDP (Group D),Proposed in 1936 by International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), named Incoterms 1936 Revised in 1953,1967,1976,1980,1990,2000 now prevailing & adopted by most of the countries in the world.,16,《INCOTERMS 2000》,17,INCOTERMS® 2010,※Update of INCOTERMS 通则的更新 INCOTERMS® 1990 consists 13 trade rules INCOTERMS® 2000 groups the 13 rules into 4 categories INCOTERMS® 2010 updates and consolidates the ‘delivered’ rules， reducing the total number of rules from 13 to 11.,INCOTERMS® 2010 presents 11 rules in two distinct classes: Rules for any mode or modes of transportation EXW、FCA、CPT、CIP、DAT、DAP and DDP Rules for sea and inland waterway transportation FAS、FOB、CFR and CIF,18,第二组：适用于水上运输方式的术语四种： FAS、FOB、CFR、CIF。

FAS（free alongside ship） 装运港船边交货 FOB（free on board） 装运。