系统解剖：呼吸系统（英文版） 完整版.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,1,The Respiratory System,The Nose,The Larynx,The Trachea And Bronchi,The Lung,The Pleura,The Mediastinum,SPLANCHNOLOGY,2,The upper respiratory tract,：,the nose,pharynx and larynx,The lower respiratory tract,：,trachea and bronchi,The Respiratory System,consists of,：,The respiratory tract,、,The lung,The main function of the respiratory system is exchanging gases,nasal cavity,oral cavity,larynx,pharynx,trachea,right principal bronchus,left principal bronchus,superior lobe,(,left lung,),diaphragm,inferior lobe,(,left lung,),3,The Nose,nasal point,back of nose,apex of nose,nose ala,nasolabial groove,The external nose,nasal point,back of nose,apex of nose,nose ala,nasolabial groove,4,Little region or,Kiesselbach region,The Nasal Cavity,nostril,choanae,nasal vestibule,cavum nasi proprium,limen nasi,nasal septum,nasal conchas,supreme nasal concha,，,concha nasalis media,，,concha nasalis inferior,nasal meatus,superior nasal meatus,，,middle nasal meatus,，,inferior meatus of nose,supreme nasal concha,sphenoethmoidal recess,semilunar hiatus,ethmoidal infundibulum,ethmoidal bulb,5,the olfactory region,the respiratory region,The paranasal sinuses,nose mucosa,The frontal sinus,opens its mouth at the middle nasal meatus,The ethmoidal sinus,anterior ethmoidal sinus,，,middle ethmoidal sinus,both of them debouch at the middle nasal meatus,posterior ethmoidal sinus,opens its mouth at superior nasal meatus,The sphenoidal sinus,debouches at the sphenoethmoid recess,The maxillary sinus,open their mouth at semilunar hiatus of middle nasal meatus,olfactory region,6,The Larynx,laryngeal cartilages,The thyroid cartilage,anterior horn,laryngeal prominence,superior thyuroid notch,superior cornu,inferior cornu,The cricoid cartilage,cricoid arch,cricoid lamina,The epiglottic cartilage,epiglottis,The arytenoid cartilages,vocal process,muscular process,7,The Conjunction of Larynx,The thyrohyoid membrane,median thyrohyoid ligament,lateral thyrohyoid ligament,triticeal cartilage,The cricothyroid joint,The,anteversion movement can make the distance between anterior angle of thyroid cartilage and,arytenoid cartilage,larger,vocal cord tensive.While the distance contracted and vocal cord relaxed in time of reposition.,The cricoarytenoid joint,The,internal rotation,can make vocal process approach to each other,and contract glottis.While lateral rotation has contrary effect.,8,The quadrangular membrane,vestibular ligament,The conus elasticus,vocal ligament,vocal cord,median cricothyroid ligament,The cricotracheal ligament,9,The cricothyroid muscle,tense and lengthen vocal cord,The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle,The lateral cricoarytenoid muscle,The thyroarytenoid muscle,vocalis,The arytenoids,The transverse arytenoid,The oblique arytenoid,The aryepiglottic muscle,The extrinsic laryngeal muscle,Belong to,cross striated muscle,.,Its effect is tensing or relaxing vocal cord,，,opening or contracting fissure of glottis,and contracting laryngeal origice.,10,The aperture of larynx,(The aditus laryngis),aryepiglottic fold,vestibular fold,rima vestibuli,vocal fold,The laryngeal vestibule,The intermedial cavity of larynx,ventricle of larynx,vocal fold,is constructed by vocal ligament,vocalis and laryngeal mucouss membrane.,The fissure of glottis,intermembranous part,intercartilaginous part,The vocal fold and the fissure of glottis are called glottis together,The infraglottic cavity,Its submucous tissue is loose,and easy caused laryngeal edema by inflammation.,The Laryngeal Cavity,11,The Trachea and Bronchi,The Trachea,carina of trachea,deviates to the left side,cartilagines tracheales,membranous wall,tracheal muscles,carina of trachea,left principal bronchus,right principal bronchus,membranous wall,tracheal cartilages,12,The bronchi,The right principal bronchus,The left principal bronchus,subcarinal angle,left subcarinal angle,left principal bronchus,:,The former usually consists of 7 to 8 tracheal cartilages,and it is thin,long and oblique,and the subcarinal angle is large.,right principal bronchus,:,The former,usually consists of 3 to 4 tracheal cartilages,and it is short,straight and thick,and the subcarinal angle is small.Because of the more vertical position of the right principal bronchus,foreign particles are more likely to lodge here than in the left principal bronchus,.,thyroid cartilage,cricoid cartilage,trachea,left principal bronchus,right principal bronchus,subcarinal angle,13,cop,One tip,one bottom,three surfaces and three borders,The Lung,The External Feature of the Lung,apex of lung,base of lung(diaphragmatic surface),the costal surface of the lung,mediastinal(medial)surface,diaphragmatic surface,anterior border,incisura cardiaca,posterior border,inferior border,horizontal fissure,oblique fissure,lobes of lung,left,2,right,3,14,The structure of two pulmonary roots are left superior pulmonary vein,pulmonary artery and primary bronchus from anterior to posterior.,the hilum of lung,root of lung,The st。