Finance(国际金融)关键术语名词解释

1、Chapter 1American Economic Review美国经济评论Journal of Finance金融学报The Wealth of Nations国富论acquisition收购adjust risk调整风险aggressive target激进（性）的目标asset资产asset allocation资产配置bidder出价者，竞标者Black-Scholes options pricing formulaB-S期权定价公式business finance企业财务（金融）capital budgeting资本预算capital expenditure资本支出capital structure资本结构cash flow现金流chief executive officer（CEO）首席执行官chief financial officer（CFO）首席财务官（财务总监）claims权益（证）、索取权利classical economics古典经济学common stock普通股competitive stock market竞争性的股票市场conflict of inte

2、rest利益冲突consumption and saving decisions消费和储蓄决策consumption preference消费偏好controller审计员convertible securities可转换证券corporation（有限责任）公司corporation finance公司财务（金融）debt outstanding未清偿贷款（债务）derivative securities衍生证券diversify risk分散风险dividend and financial policies 红利（股利）和财务政策economic value经济价值entertainment industry娱乐行业（产业）entity实体equity权益（与Liability（负债对应）evaluation of cost成本估算（评价）exclusive goal唯一目标executive compensation program管理者补偿（薪酬）计划extended family大家庭finance金融, 财政, 金融学finance system金融系统financial

3、advisory firm金融咨询公司financial capital金融资本financial contracting订立金融合约（合同）Financial Executive Institute财务执行官组织financing筹措资金（融资）financing decision融资决策general partner一般合伙人going concern关注效应infrastructure基础设施、架构initial outlay初始投入integrated financial program完整的财务计划investment decision投资决策ITT corporation国际电报电话公司learning curve学习曲线liability负债、债务、责任limited liability有限责任limited partner有限责任合伙人long-lived asset长期资产long-range incentive system长期激励系统market discipline市场规则market interest rate市场利率market risk premium市场

4、风险价格market value of shares股票市场价值（简称市值）marketing营销maximize the wealth（使）财富最大化merger兼并，合并mortgage loan抵押贷款multinational conglomerate跨国企业集团mutual fund共同基金net worth净资产operating margin营业利润option期权original core business原始的核心业务partnership合伙企业pension liabilities养老金负债personal investing个人投资physical capital实物资本pool联营；集中使用的（资金，物）portfolio投资组合portfolio of asset资产组合preferred stock优先股president总裁primary commitment首要（基本）任务private corporation私人（非公众）公司professional managers职业经理人profit利润profit-maximization criterion

5、利润最大化标准proposition命题public corporation公众公司quantitative model定量模型regulatory body监管机构resource allocation decision资源配置决策retail outlet零售摊点return回报，收益risk-averse风险厌恶（规避）security price证券价格share price appreciation股价上涨（增值）shareholder-wealth-maximization股东财富最大化sole proprietorship个体（业主制）企业spin-off配股spread out over time跨时间分布stake资助，资金stock option股票期权strategic planning战略规划supplier供货商takeover接管the exchange of assets and risks资产和风险的交换the set of markets and other institutions市场及其它机构的集合trade off权衡uncertain bene

6、fit不确定性收益unlimited （limited） liability无（有）限责任vice-president for financial财务副总裁voting right（股东）投票权welfare福利well-functioning capital market高效的资本市场working capital management营运资本管理Chapter 2accounting procedure会计程序adverse selection逆向选择American Express美国运通信用卡arithmetic mean算术平均数asymmetry不对称average risk premium平均风险升水（溢价）Bank for International Settlement（BIS）国际清算银行banking panic银行危机bartern. 易货贸易；v. 讨价还价board of directors董事会by-product副产品call option买入期权（看涨期权）capital gain（loss）资本收益（损失）Capital market资本市场（即长期

7、资金市场）cash dividend现金股利（红利）central bank中央银行charge price要价clearing and settling payment清算和结算支付closed-end封闭式的collateral担保品collateralization以担保commercial loan 商业贷款commercial loan rate商业贷款利率credit card信用卡default违约、托债、弃权default risk违约风险deficit unit赤字部门defined-benefit pension plan规定收益型养恤金制defined-contribution pension plan规定缴费型养恤金制depository savings institution存款储蓄机构（系统）derivative衍生（证券）Deutsche Bank德意志银行dissemination推广、传播dividend reinvestment红利（股利）再投资dollar-denominated asset以美元计价的资产double-entry-bookkeep

8、ing复式记账法equity权益equity-kickers权益条件expected rates of return期望（预期）收益率Federal Reserve System联邦储备系统Finance Accounting StandardsBoard财务会计标准委员会financial instrument金融工具financial intermediary金融中介financial market parameters金融市场参数financial variable金融（财务）变量fixed-income-instruments固定收益证券flow of fund资金流flow of fund资金流foreign exchange外汇formation extraction信息提取forward contract远期合约functional perspective（从）功能（的角度或观点）future期货German marks德国马克go public上市incentive problem激励问题index fund指数（化）基金index-linked bonds（与物价）指数联系的债券information service信息咨讯（服务）insurance company保险公司interest rate利息率（简称利率）interest rate arbitrage利率套利interest rate equalization利率平价intermediary 中介International Bank forReconstruction and Development国际复兴开发银行International Monetary Fund（IMF）国际货币基金组织

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