专业英语语法倒装句、强调句

1、Inversion 倒装句,Inversion 倒装,Inversion is the changing of the order of the words in a sentence. When we use inversion, we put the predicate or part of it before the subject. This puts emphasis on the predicate instead of on the subject. We can use inversion in many cases.,一、全部倒装,全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.,2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile

2、 from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构里的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. Away went the runners.,二、部分倒装,部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。,1、句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did his moth

3、er leave the room. 当not until引出主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句 不倒装。,另外，有些含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后也要用倒装。如： In no case should you give up. 你绝不能放弃。On no condition should we tell her about it. 我们绝不能把此事告诉她。 On no accounts must this switch be touched.这个开关是绝 不能触摸的。 Under no circumstances should you lend him any money. 你无论如何都不该把钱借给他,注意： 如否定词不在句首则不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep.,典型例题 1)-Why cant I smoke here? -At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking

4、permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.,2)Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what light is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 改写为正常语序为：Man did not know what light is until the early years of the 19th.,2、句首为否定意义的关连词,如： not onlybut also, hardly/scarcelywhen, no sooner than 1）Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 2）Hard

5、ly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 3） No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.,典型例题 No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun,注意：只有当not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不用倒装结构。 Not only did they present a musical performance, but they also gave a brief introduction to the history of Western brass instruments. 他们不但做了音乐表演，而且简短地介绍了西方铜管乐器的历史。 N

6、ot only you but also I am fond of music.,3、so, neither, nor在表示“也”、“也不” 的结构中，句子要部分倒装。 1）Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 2）If you wont go, neither will I.,典型例题 -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also,注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，意为“的确如此”，不用倒装结构。 1) Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 2) -Its raining hard. -So it is.,4、 only在句首要倒装的情况,1）Only in this way, can you learn English well. 2)

7、 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.,5、as / though引导的让步从句，将表语、状语或谓语的一部分前置 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前），表示强烈的对照。 注意： 1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. In the classroom as / though he stays, he doesnt read his texts.,6、其他部分倒装,1）so that 句型中的so 位于句首时需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare

8、to move an inch. So interesting is that story that everyone wants to read it. So good a girl is she that we all like her.,2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。 May you all be happy. May you have a good journey. 祝你旅途愉快。 May you succeed. 祝你成功。 3）感叹句中的倒装。如： Isnt it beautiful! 难道还不漂亮！ Arent you content with it! 难道还不知足！,4) 在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 Were I you, I would try it again. Had you worked hard, you would have finished it early.,Practice 1. _ that he could not s

9、peak for a long time. A. So frightened was he B. So frightened he was C. Was he so frightened D. Frightened was he 2. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will he realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize,A,C,3. _ that I couldnt be absorbed in the work. A. They made such talked B. So loudly they talked C. It was noise outside D. Such a loud noise did they make 4. _ I would see you here. A. Little I dreamed B. Little do I dream C. I dreamed little D. Little did I dream 5. _the plane. A. Flew down B. Down flew C. Down was flying D. Down fly,D,D,B,6. She never laughed, _ lose her temper. A. nor she ever did B. or she ever did C. or did she ever D. nor did she ever 她从未开怀大笑过，也从未发过脾气。,7. _ the building did he realize that there was danger everywhere in it. A. Upon entering B. When he entered

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