初中英语宾语从句讲解练习

1、龙文一中 刘玉兰,宾语从句,什么是宾语从句,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的时态,宾语从句的连接词,学习目标,什么是宾语,I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。 宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语 来担任。,我们 知道 姚明 We know Yao Ming,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员 We know,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。,一. 什么 是宾语从句？,宾o,宾o,主s,谓v,he is a famous basketball player,that,连接词,我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员,谓v,主s,哪些句子可以做宾语？,陈述句 he is a famous basketball player一般疑问句 will our teachers attend the meeting ？特殊疑问句which

2、coat did you prefer?,一、连词（引导词）1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meetingnext Sunday. Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont

3、pass the exam .,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来） He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们） The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）,练一练,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home. 5.Jim has been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend ,（that）,一般疑问句做宾语,我问他是否想去游泳,1, 改为陈述句语气， 2，用if/whether连接,I ask,Does he want to go swim?,he wants to

4、go swim,If/whether,I ask,（一）宾语从句的语序,句子的两种语序: 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,宾语从句必须用 _,陈述语序,There is a shop near here.,Is there a shop near here?,练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Is there a bank near here?2.Is it on Fifth Avenue?3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here,It is on Fifth Avenue,They are doing homework,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park?6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,She works in a hospital,You went to Center Park,We have to wear a uniform,We can wear hats in school,7.

5、Can we wear hats in school?,由if或whether引导的宾语从句。 If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,注意一下情况只用whether，不用if。,1. whether引导的从句常可以与or not直接连用。 如： Let me know whether you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： Whether it is true or not, I cant tell.,3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。I dont know whether to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.,Exercise,1.Is he reading ? 2.Do y

6、ou get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？,特殊疑问句做宾语,特殊疑问句做宾语,用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。,我想知道 你最喜欢哪一条领带？,Which tie do you like best,特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身,I wonder,I wonder,which tie you like best?,8.Wheres your pen pal from?9. Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What lang

7、uage she speaks,Why you like pandas,Do you know where _ from?(he,come)Can you tell me which_ to the park? ( be, way),he comes,is the way,Exercise,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me ,I hear that,Jim _ (be) a worker two years ago. Jim _ (be) an English teacher now. Jim _ ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . Jim _ ( sing )a popular song now. Jim _ ( be

8、 ) to the Great Wall twice . Jim _ ( play ) basketball when his father came back. Jim _ ( learn )1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) He to Hong Kong .,2) He sick. 3) He a book . 4) He,辨一辨,would go,was,

9、was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,He told me (that),summer after spring .,is,I was told (that),the sun much bigger than the moon.,is,no news good news.,My parents told me (that),is,Could you tell me where do they live?She knew that Danny is a student.He told me that winter was colder than autumn.Do you know who car it is?,was,is,whose,.Find out the mistakes and correct them,宾语从句三要素,that（陈述句 ）,ifwhether（一般疑问句 ）,特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理 自然现象 公式定理 名言警句 一般现在时,

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