高考英语语法正解反读专题五正反解读介词

1、专题五 正反解读介词Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.专题五 考点荟萃考点荟萃介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一。使用频率相当高 ，用法多而杂，一个介词可能有多种不同的用法；一个 相近的意思又可以用不同的介词表达。所以在一轮的备 考中必须逐一掌握每个高频介词的用法；弄清楚易混介 词的用法异同；能够根据具体语境灵活运用介词。常用 介词、易错介词的辨析以及介词固定搭配的考查将是 2012年介词考查的主要方向。Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile

2、5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.一、介词的分类与语法功能介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、 代词(或相当于名词的其他词类或短语等)构成介词短语 ，在句中充当一个成分。介词分为：简单介词，如at，in，for等；合成介词 ，如within，inside，onto，throughout等；短语介词， 如according to，out of，by means of，in spite of， instead of等； 双重介词，如from behind /above /under ，until after等； 分词介词，如considering，including， judging (from/by) 等。专题五 正面解读正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Sl

3、ides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.二、介词的意义 1表示时间的介词 (1)in表示“在某一时间段”或“在某一时候”，如 用在月、季、年份、时代、世纪等时间名词的前面，或用 来泛指一天的某一段时间。in也可以指“在之后”，表 示从说话起的若干时间内。如： in July/summer/2000/ancient times The bus will be here in ten minutes. (2)on表示“在特定的某一天”，也可用于带有 修饰语的一天的某个时间段之前。如：on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st专题五 正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Cr

4、eated with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.(3)at表示“在某一时间点”，或用来表示不确 定的时间和短期的假日、时节等。如： at six oclock, at Easter (4)over, through (out)两者均指“经过的全部 时间”。如： Stay over the Christmas. (5)for与since：for表示动作或状态延续的全 部时间长度，为“长达”之意；since用于指从过去特 定的某个时刻到说话时为止的一段时间；含有since时间 短语的句子要用完成时，但含有for时间短语的句子不一 定要用完成时。如： I have been there for six years. We have not seen each

5、other since 1993. 专题五 正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.(6)during指“在时期/时间内”，必须接表 示一段时间的词或词组作宾语。如： She was ill for a week, and during that week she ate little. 2表示地点的介词 (1)above, below，over, under，on, on top of, beneath, underneath: above和below分别表示“高于” 和“低于”的意思，不一定指垂直方向上的上下；over和 under分别表示垂直方向上的上下或高低；o

6、n/on top of 和beneath/underneath表示“和表面相接触”意义上的上下 。以上三组介词互为反义词。如：专题五 正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.The temple stands on top of the hill. The pen is beneath the book. There is a lamp on the desk. (2)at, on, in：at指小地点或集会场合；on 表示线或面上的位置；in表示在立体、区域或环境内， 特别是那些较大，能够容纳相应事物的环境。如： He works at Peking Universi

7、ty. Your radio is on the desk. Hes sitting in the sun. 专题五 正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.(3)between与among：between用来说明“ 在两者之间”或“三个以上人或事物中的每两者之间 的相互关系”；among用来说明“在三者以上之间”的 相互关系；among可以用来表示没有确定数目的物体之 间的相互关系。如： There is a small river between the two villages. The book is the best among these modern no

8、vels. The relations between various countries are very important. 3表示原因的介词。 (1)for常常表示褒贬、奖惩的原因或心理原 因。如： They will reward you for your help.专题五 正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.(2)from和out of常常表示动机或原因； through表示消极或间接的原因。如： He feels weak from lack of sleep. He broke down through overwork. 4表示目的的介词 for和

9、to都可以引导目的地。for表示拟定的接收人或目的， for跟在含有出发或开始意义的动词后，如：leave, set out, start, depart, sail等；to表示实际的接收人或目的，to 跟在含有方向性的动词后，如：go, come, run, walk, move, fly, drive, ride等。如： We have left for Hong Kong. He flew to America via Hong Kong. 专题五 正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 20042011 Aspose Pty Ltd.5表示“关于”的介词 一般about用于比较随便的谈话或非正式的文体；on用于 正式的讲话、著作或报告中；of用于动词talk, read, know, hear等的后面。如： What are you talking about? in terms of natural resources 6表示原料的介词 of和out of表示制成品的材料仍保持原材料的性质；from表 示制成品已失去了原材料的性质。如： His house was built of brick. He made these toys out of old cigarboxes. Steel is made from iron. 专题五 正面解读Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client P

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