倒装句&not only...but also

1、主要用法就是谓语动词要遵循“就近一致原则”，Not only the students but also the teacher was invited. 不仅学生们被邀请，而且那位教师也被邀请了。 （以下为详细用法） “not only but also ”是一个并列连词词组，其意思基本等于“both and ”，但侧重点放在“but also”上，另外该词组使用时须遵守一定的规则，如要求对称，倒装及主谓一致等。以下两个句子往往被看作是欠妥或错误的： 1. *Sitting up late last night,Tom not only read the assignment but also many poems by his favourite poet. 2. *Not only the students but also the teacher were invited. 上述两句第一句欠妥，第二句是错误的，应分别改为：1. Sitting up late last night,Tom read not only the assignment but also many po

2、ems by his favourite poet. 昨晚汤姆熬至深夜，不仅看了课外作业，而且读了他最喜欢的一位诗人的许多诗歌。 2. Not only the students but also the teacher was invited. 不仅学生们被邀请，而且那位教师也被邀请了。 下面就来谈谈正确使用该词组时须注意的几点事项及其常见的几种变体形式。 一、使用 not only but also 时须注意的几点： 1. not only 与 but also 后面所连接的词的词性必须对等： (1) Frankin was considered not only an inventor,but also a statesman. 富兰克林不仅被看作发明家，而且被看作政治家。 (2) The nurse was not only competent but also kind. 这位护士不仅能干而且亲切和蔼。 (3) They not only broke into his office and stole his books,but also tore up his manusc

3、ripts. 他们不仅闯进他的办公室，偷走了他的书，而且还撕掉了他的手稿。 (4) Not only you but also she has to attend the ceremony. 不令你而且她也得参加典 礼。 (5) In production,we should always keep an eye not only on quantity but also on quality. 在生产中，我们不仅要关注数量，而且要关注质量。 (6) They completed the project not only punctually but also perfectly. 他们不仅准时完成工程，而且完成得很出色。 2. not only 只能连用，而 but also 既可连用，也可分开用： a. He speaks not only English,but also French. 他不仅说英语，还说法语。 b. Television is not only boring,but it also wastes a lot of time. 电视不仅乏味，而且还浪费许多时间。

4、 c. She was not only compelled to stay at home,but she was also forbidden to see her friends. 她不仅被强迫蹲在家中，而且被禁止去看朋友。 3.谓语动词的数应与 but also 后主语的数保持一致： Not only you but also Mr Zhang teaches in this college. 不仅你，张老师也在此学院教书。 4. not only 放在句首，后接句子时要用倒装结构： (1) Not only should proletarians emancipate themselves but also the whole mankind. 无产者不仅要解放他们自己，而且要解放全人类。 (2) Not only does television appeal to those who can read but to those who cant. 电视不仅吸引阅读的人，而且也吸引了不会阅读的人。 (3) Not only was everything Albert Eins

5、tain had taken away but also his citizenship was deprived of. 爱因斯坦的财产不仅被掳掠一空，而且他的德国国籍也被剥夺了。 (4) Not only had the poor man been fined,but also he had been sent to prison. 这个可怜的人不仅被罚款，而且还被送进了监狱。 二、not only，but also 的几种常见的变体形式： 1.not only 的变体形式： 常见的变体有 not just,not merely,not simply,not solely 等。(1) Such work is not just devalued in that country,its nature is widely misunderstood. 这种工作在那个国家不但被贬低，而且工作的性质也被许多人误解。 (2) There is not merely concision in these lines but also elegance. 这些台词写得不仅乘法，而且优雅。 (3)

6、 Not simply did he teach school,but he wrote novels. 他不仅教书，也写小说。 (4) This novel is not solely suitable for us in studying modern fiction but can also be used in the teaching. 这本小说不但适合我们研究现代小说，而且能用于教学。 2. but also 的变体形式： a: 省去 also，只留 but；b: 省去 but，只留 also；c: butas well；d: but also 全部省略。 (1) Scarlett quaked lest she and Frank lose not only their freedom but the house,the store and mill. 斯佳丽害怕得发抖，惟恐她与弗兰克不仅会失去自由，而且还会失去房屋、商店及锯木厂。 (2) Shes not only an excellent housewife also a first class mathematic

7、ian. 她不仅是一个出色的家庭主妇，而且是一位一流的数学家。 (3) Not only does he write the words to the songs,but he composes the music as well. 他不仅给歌曲写词，也谱曲。 (4) Such a change would improve not only his social image but his health as well. 这样的变化不仅会提高他的社会形象，而且会改善他的健康。 (5) Not only did I hear the car,I actually saw it crash. 我不仅听见了车的声音，而且还亲眼看见了那辆车撞坏了。英语倒装句 Inversion描述: 主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序：一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序（Natural Order）；二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）。而倒装语序中又有全部倒装（Full Inversion）和部分倒装（Partial Inversion）两种情况。首先，在全部倒装的句子中，要

8、把整个谓语放在主语的前面去而构成倒装语序。例如：There are large numbers of students in the lecture hall.（在 There be的句式中，There 只是个引导词而不是主语，真正的主语是后面作表语的名词或者名词短语。因此，There be的句式都是全部倒装的句子。 ）演讲厅里有大量的学生。 When he ran to the door, there stood a mid-aged man with a lantern in his hand .（此句是为了“描述情节的需要“，把倒装当着修辞的手段而写成了全部倒装句。句子的主语是 a mid-aged man，谓语是 stood 。 ）当他向房门跑去时，那儿正立着一位手里拿着一盏灯笼的中年男人。另外，在部分倒装的句子中，只把谓语的一部分（如情态动词、助动词、或是系动词 be）放到主语的前面去，构成倒装语序。例如：Are you going to take part in the football match against Accounting Department on Frid

9、ay afternoon? （句子的谓语是 are going to take part，are 是句子的谓语的一部分；句子的主语是 you 。所以，此句是部分倒装的句子。疑问句都是部分倒装句。 ）你打算去参加星期五与会计系进行的足球赛吗？Hardly could he finish his test paper when the school bell rang .（由于语法要求的原因，本句写成了部分倒装的句子。它的自然语序应该是：When the bell rang, he could hardly finish his test paper.）他还未做完试卷，下课铃就响了。 了解了倒装语序的构成情况后，我们再来看看倒装语序在各种不同类句子中的使用情况：A. 在疑问句中各种疑问句一般地说都是倒装语序。例如：Will they come to see us this weekend ? 这个周末他们将来看我们吗？Are you talking about the film you saw last Monday ?你们是在谈论你们上周一看的那部电影吗？Can you speak another foreign language except English? 除开英语，你还能说另一种外语吗？Where did you buy the dictionary, in the book store nearby or in Xinhua bookstore?你在哪儿买的这本词典，是在附近的书店还是在新华书店？She is not a student, isnt she ? 她不是个学生，对吗？B. 在感叹句中某些感叹句也用倒装语序。例如： Isnt it a beautiful garden ! 多么美丽的花园啊！What a beautiful garden it is ! 多么美丽的花园啊！（在这种句式中，主语在谓语之前，属于自然语序。对于主语和谓语而言，语序没有倒装。 ）Have you ever seen such a naughty kid like him ! 你见过那个孩子像他这么调皮！C. 在陈述句中 陈述句在一般情况下用自然语序；但由于英语语法的某些原因，陈述句也要

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