考研英语翻译真题讲义
26页1、新东方在线电子讲义 1 考研翻译真题(适用于英译一和英语二)考研翻译真题(适用于英译一和英语二) (提示:本讲义供同学们上课翻阅之用。1990-2009 年题目不区分英语一二,2010 年及以后 题目区分英语一二) 1990 年英译汉试题年英译汉试题 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities,and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not,or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are,of course,extremely interested in these types of questions. (61)They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit
2、certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet,but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect,the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as” nature vs. nurture”. (62)Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. (63)That our environment has little , if anything , to do with our abilities ,
3、characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme,this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts. Those who support the “nurture” theory,that is,they advocate education,are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist , B.F. Skinner,sees humans as beings whose behavior
4、 is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists maintain that,like machines,humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior. Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic , intelligence,offered by the two theories. Supporters of the “nature” theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. Needless to say , they dont believe that factors in the environment have much influenc
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