Paper写作范文-比较优势理论
3页1、www.ocscf.org Paper写作范文-比较优势理论比较优势是与绝对优势对应的概念。传统比较优势理论把比较优势看作是静态的、不变的,强调依据资源禀赋状况确立主导产业,而动态比较优势理论则认为比较优势是动态的、变动的,强调有选择地培育新的优势产业。实践中要立足现有的传统比较优势创造动态比较优势,以实现产业结构的升级和比较优势的转换。Traditional comparative advantage theory regards comparative advantage as static and invariable, and emphasizes the establishment of leading industries according to the situation of resource endowment; while dynamic comparative advantage theory thinks comparative advantage is dynamic and changeable, and emphasizes the cultivatio
2、n of new advantageous industries selectively. In practice, it is necessary to create dynamic comparative advantage based on the existing traditional comparative advantage so as to realize the upgrading of industrial structure and the transformation of comparative advantage.Comparative advantage is the concept corresponding to absolute advantage. Absolute advantage is built on the comparison of the absolute cost of production. A country has an absolute advantage in the production of a commodity i
3、f it USES less or more efficient resources per unit of production. For example, Brazil can produce coffee and bananas at a lower cost, while the United States can produce airplanes and compact machine tools at a lower cost. Thus, Brazil has an absolute advantage in the production of coffee and bananas, while the United States has an absolute advantage in the production of airplanes and compact machine tools. As a result, countries use international trade to obtain products that are difficult for
4、 them to produce: Canada needs to import coffee, Japan needs to import oil, Kuwait needs to import aircraft and so on.Comparative advantage is based on the opportunity cost of production activities. If the opportunity cost of producing a certain commodity is lower than that of other countries, the country has a comparative advantage in the production. On the other hand, if one countrys opportunity cost of producing a certain commodity is higher than that of other countries, it lacks comparative
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