11 祈使句-小学语法精讲精练（附口诀、练习和答案）

小学语法精讲精练 专题11 祈使句思考引入 老师,我刚刚在地铁上看见一句话"No smoking",这是个什么句子呀?这个句子就是我们今天要学的祈使句其实在我们的生活中,使句随处可见,尤其是在一些公共场所你们还见过哪些类似的句子呢?我知道,"Be quiet"；我说得对吗,老师?对但除了你们说的这些,祈使句还有许多其他的类型,我们一起来看看吧!知识概览知识精讲一、祈使句的基本含义祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议或者劝告等语气的句子祈使句的主语通常是第二人称you,但习惯上常常省略，句末用感叹号或句号Don't talk in class!不要在课堂上讲话!(命令)Buy me an ice cream, please.请给我买个冰激凌请求)No fishing!禁止钓鱼!(禁止)Let's go to the park.我们去公园吧建议)Be careful to cross the road!过马路时要当心!(劝告)热身小练①翻一翻请你将下列句子翻译成中文1.Keep to the right, please._____________________________________2.Let's clean the classroom._____________________________________答案：1.请靠右走。

2.我们来打扫教室吧二、祈使句的肯定形式根据动词类型不同，祈使句的肯定式结构可分为以下三类1.Do型：(Please/Do +)动词原形(+其他)Help!救命!Open the door.开门Sit down, please.请坐Please turn on the TV.请开一下电视Do come to visit us!一定要来看我们!please放在句首是表示礼貌，意为“请”,也可放在句末，用逗号隔开do放句首是为了加强语气，表示强调，意为“务必，一定”2.Be型：Be+形容词/名词(+其他)Be careful!小心!Be a good student.做一个好学生Be friendly with your classmates.与同学友好相处3.Let型：Let sb.+动词原形(+其他)Let me have a look.让我看一看Let's go skiing outside.我们出去滑雪吧热身小练②翻一翻请你将下列句子翻译成英文1.告诉我你的名字2.咱们一起玩吧3.勇敢一点儿!_____________________________________答案：1. Tell me your name.2.Let's play together.3.Be brave!三、祈使句的否定形式1. Don't/Never +动词原形(+其他)Don't sing here!不要在这里唱歌!Never judge a person by looks.绝不能以貌取人。

2.Don't+ be+形容词/名词(+其他)Don't be nervous!不要紧张!Don't be a bad boy.别做坏孩子3.Let sb.+not +动词原形+其他/ Don't+let sb.+动词原形+其他Let's not tell him the truth!我们不要把实情告诉他!Don't let children play on the road.不要让孩子们在马路上玩儿4.No +名词/动名词No photos!禁止拍照!No smoking!禁止吸烟!热身小练③填一填请你用no,not,don't将下列句子补充完整1.____________swimming.2.____________open the window.3.Let's____________go shopping.4. Nancy,____________buy too much food.答案：1.No 2. Don't 3.not 4.don't知识精练一、单选题( )1．We are now in Yancheng Science and Technology Museum (盐城科技馆). Don’t ______ here. A．park B．litter C．drink D．eat( )2．—Don’t give the monkeys and hot food again. —Sorry, I ______.A．didn’t B．won’t C．don’t( )3．—It’s sunny outside. Let’s go on an outing today! —______A．Good idea! B．Let’s have a try. C．What a pity!( )4．__________ be sad, little girl. A．Not B．Do C．Don’t( )5．________ talk in class! A．No B．Don’t C．Not D．Have to( )6．________ sleep too late. It’s bad for your health. A．Can’t B．Not to C．Don’t D．Doesn’t( )7．________ when you cross the road. A．To care B．Be careful C．To be careful D．Be care( )8．—________! We can’t smoke here. —Sorry, I won’t.A．Don’t smoke B．Not smoke C．No smoke D．To smoke( )9．—________ photos in the museum! —Sorry.A．Don’t B．Can’t C．No D．Not( )10．_________ the blackboard. Don't _________ books. A．Look at; look B．Watch; look C．See; watch D．Look at; read( )11．Jack, ______ shout in the hospital. Can you see that sign? A．aren't B．don’t be C．don’t( )12．Peter, _________ talk in the library. We should _________ quiet. A．doesn't; / B．don't; / C．don't; be( )13．Tim, _________ a few _________, please. A．has; sweets B．have; sweet food C．have; sweets( )14．—Jenny, _________ look out of the window. —I’m sorry.A．don’t B．can’t C．doesn’t( )15．—Please don't _____ those flowers. —I'm sorry.A．pick B．picked C．picking二、用单词正确形式填空16．Sam, ________________ (put) your toys in order.17．________________ (drink) too much cola, Mike. It is bad for your __________ (health).18．______________ ______________ (not shout) in the hospital. You should speak ______________ (quiet).19．______________ (not use) too much plastic. It’s bad for our city.20．_____________ (not throw) the rubbish on the floor. The sign means “No _____________ (litter).”21．Don’t ______________ (throw) the rubbish on the ground. It ______________ (make) the street very dirty.22．Listen! The girl _____________ (sing) in the classroom.  _____________ (not shout) here.23．______________ (not shout) at your parents. It’s not polite.24．Let’s finish _______________ (they) _______________ (quick).25．Nancy, ____________ (not talk) in class. You should listen carefully.26．Please _______________ (not) play on the road.27．___________ (not eat) too much sweet food. It’s bad for our ___________ (tooth).28．Tom, ______________ (not walk) so fast.29．Jim, please don’t ______________ (shout) in the library.30．We _____________ (have) a picnic in the park next weekend. Let’s _____________ (buy) some fruit and snacks.三、改写句子31．You shouldn’t go to bed late.(改为祈使句)Please ____________ ____________ to bed late.32．Put some rubbish in the bin. (改为否定句)______________ put ______________ rubbish in the bin.33．We shouldn’t put the rubbish in the street. (改为祈使句)_____________ _____________ the rubbish in the street.34．Throw the rubbish on the floor. (改为否。