高考英语语法复习课件特殊句式1

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,,,,高考英语语法复习课件,特殊句式,,强调、倒装、省略、插入语、反意疑问句,1,英语强调句型有哪些？,翻译以下句子，找出其中表达的强调语气的词语,1. What a hot day it is today!,今天多么热啊！,what,表强调2.,How fast time flies!,时间过得多么快啊！,how,表强调1,英语强调句型有哪些？,3.,The thief ran so fast that I didn't catch up with him.,4.,The postman was in such a hurry that he often took one parcel for another.,答案,3,．那个小偷跑得太快我追不上他so…that…,表强调4,．那位邮递员太匆忙经常投错邮包such…that…,表强调1,英语强调句型有哪些？,5.,Believe me! I did advise him to forgive you but he wouldn't listen.,6.,It's the sun that gives us heat and light.,7.,Even a child can do that!,答案,,5,．相信我！我确实劝过他原谅你，但他不听劝告。

did,表强调6,．是太阳给了我们光和热It's …that…,表强调7,．甚至连小孩也能做那件事！,even,表强调1,,广义的强调句型包括感叹句，“如此,……,以致”句型，含,even(,甚至,),的句式，助动词对谓语动词的强调句型以及,It's/was …that(who/whom)…,等句型狭义的强调句指的是,It's/was …that(who/,whom)…,句型2,,怎样使用,It‘s/was …that(who/whom)…,句型？,用强调句型分别就画线局部进展强调,The committee,(1) had,(2) a heated discussion about the housing system,(3) in Shanghai,(4) last May,(5)．,答案,(1) It was the committee that/ who had a heated discussion about the housing system in Shanghai last May.,2,,怎样使用,It‘s/was …that(who/whom)…,句型？,答案,(2)不能使用It's/was …that(who/whom)…句型对谓语动词进展强调。

3) It was a heated discussion about the housing system that the committee had in Shanghai last May.,2,,怎样使用,It‘s/was …that(who/whom)…,句型？,答案,(4) It was in Shanghai that the committee had a heated discussion about the housing system last May.,,(5) It was last May that the committee had a heated discussion about the housing system in Shanghai.,2,运用,It is …that(who/whom)…,强调句型应注意：,1.,“It is,＋ 被强调部分＋,that…”,结构为强调句型基本结构，其中结构用词无单独含义，整体理解为“就是,/,正是,……”,2.,如原句为过去式或与过去相关的时态，,is,改为,was,2,运用It is …that(who/whom)…强调句型应注意：,3. 将被强调局部置于is/was与that之间，其余局部无变化。

4. 如被强调局部为人，可用who代替，如为人且在句中作宾语，可用whom代替其余情况一律用that3,,强调句型It is …that(who/whom)…的疑,问句怎么运用？,运用强调句型翻译以下句子,1. 你是在上海出生的吗？,2. 你到底是怎样知道事情真相的？,3. 到底是谁给了你这块手表？,3,,强调句型It is …that(who/whom)…的疑,问句怎么运用？,答案1. Was it in Shanghai that you were born,2. How is it that you have known the truth,3. Who was it that gave you the watch,3,,强调句型,It is …that(who/whom)…,的一般疑问句式为：,Is/Was it,＋ 被强调部分＋,that…,？；其特殊疑问句式为：疑问词,When/Why/ How/Which/ Who/Where/What,等＋,is/was it that…,？,4,,,怎样对句中谓语动词进行强调？,,根据汉语提示完成句子,1.,一定要保持联系 keep in touch with each other.,2.,——,你昨晚缺席了。

——,没有，我真的来了的— You were absent last night.,— No. I_______ _______ last night.,Do,did come,4,,,怎样对句中谓语动词进行强调？,,3.,我爸爸很难戒烟他确实喜欢抽烟It's hard for Father to give up smoking. He _______,__________ smoking.,答案,,does like,4,,助动词,do /does/did,＋ 动词原形,可以强调谓语动词 但需注意：谓语动词只有两种时态能强调，即一般现在时和一般过去时在一般现在时中，,do,有人称的变化，第三人称单数用,does,，一般过去时,do,变成,did,其他时态的强调通过重读谓语动词来体现1,什么是倒装？,,翻译以下句子，指出各句式特点,1. Now comes your turn.,2. Seldom do I eat out.,1,什么是倒装？,答案,1,．,现在轮到你了句子的谓语动词,comes,放在主语,your turn,之前，主谓倒装2,．,我很少外出吃饭句子的谓语动词,eat,放在主语,I,之后，但助动词,do,置于主语前。

1,,英语句子中，将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做,倒装语序,而倒装可分为两种：将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫,完全倒装,(full invertion),；而只将,be,，情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前的叫做,部分倒装,(partial invertion),2,英语中完全倒装句式有哪几种情形？,,翻译以下句子，指出各倒装句使用倒装的条件,1. In came the teacher and the class began.,2. There stand two tall trees in front of our school gate.,答案,1. 教师走了进来，然后开场上课倒装条件：方位副词in放句首2. 我们学校门口屹立着两棵大树倒装条件：地点副词there放句首2,英语中完全倒装句式有哪几种情形？,3.,Finally came the day when I stood on the stage to make a speech.,4.,Off went the fire crackers.,答案,3. 我上台演讲的那一天终于来了倒装条件：时间副词finally放句首。

4. “啪〞的一声鞭炮响了倒装条件：状态副词off放句首2,英语中完全倒装句式有哪几种情形？,5.,At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.,6.,Long live friendship!,答案,5.,山脚下有一个美丽的湖泊倒装条件：介词短语,at the foot of the hill,放句首6.,友谊万岁！,2,英语中完全倒装句式的几种情形：,1.,out, in, up, down,等方位副词在句首时；,2.,here, there,等地点副词在句首时；,,3.,now, then, finally,等时间副词在句首时；,4.,away, off,等状态副词在句首时；,5.,表示地点的介词词组在句首时；,6.,在表示祝愿的句式中：,Long live…,！,注意：,上述情况下，如主语为人称代词，不需要倒装3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,翻译以下各组句子，注意局部倒装使用的条件,1. (1)Only in this way can we make great progress.,(2) Only then did I realize the value of friendship.,(3) Only when you are in trouble can you borrow money from me.,3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,答案,(1),只有这样我们才能取得大的进步。

2),只有那时我才认识到友谊的价值3),只有当你手头特别紧的时候，你才可以向我借钱3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,翻译以下各组句子，注意局部倒装使用的条件,2. Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.,3. (1)Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.,(2) Not only does he speak English well but also he has a good knowledge of English culture.,(3) By no means will you be allowed to play computer games without finishing your homework.,3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,答案,2. 我一到家 就响了3. (1)到开场工作时我才认识到我浪费了很多时间2)他不仅擅长英语口语而且对英国文化也很熟悉3)你没完成作业决不可以玩电脑游戏3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,翻译以下各组句子，注意局部倒装使用的条件,4. (1)So beautifully did they dance that all the audience applauded now and then.,(2) In such a hurry did the young man rush out that he almost knocked me down.,5. China is a developing country and so is Russia.,6. If he doesn't go, neither will I.,3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,答案,4. (1) 他们跳舞跳得如此好以致观众不时鼓掌。

2) 那个年轻人跑出来时如此匆忙以致差点撞倒我5. 中国是开展中国家，俄罗斯也是6. 假设他不去，我也不去3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,翻译以下各组句子，注意局部倒装使用的条件,7. Many a time has he given me good advice.,8. Had it not been for the captain，the ship would have sunk with all on board.,9. Child as/though he is, he knows quite a lot about engineering.,10. May you succeed!,3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,答案,7. 他屡次给我好的建议8. 要不是船长，这条船连同船上所有的人将沉入水中9. 虽然是孩子，他对工程学知之甚多10. 祝你成功！,3,英语中部分倒装句式有哪几种情形？,翻译以下各组句子，注意局部倒装使用的条件,11. (1)However good you are at English, keep modest.,(2) What a confusing expression it is!,12. Gone forever are the dark days of the old society.,答案,11. (1),无论你英语学得多好，都要保持谦虚。

2),它是容易混淆的一个表达12.,旧社会黑暗的日子一去不复返了3,英语中部分倒装句式使用的情形如下：,1.,当,only,引导的副词、介词短语、从句放句首作状语时；,2.,当表示频度或数量的否定副词,seldom,，,hardly,，,scarcely,，,never,，,little,等放句首时；,3.,当含有否定意义的副词,not,或,no,的短语放句首时；,4.,当表示程度,“,如此,”,意义的,so,或,such,放句首时；,,5.,当表示前一个主语肯定意义的情况也适用于后一个主语，用,so,表达时；,3,英语中局部倒装句式使用的情形如下：,6. 当表示前一个主语否认意义的情况也适用于后一个主语，或表示延伸否认，用neither或nor表达时；,7. 当表示方式或频度的词语放句首时；,8. 当含有should，were，had的虚拟条件从句省略if时；,9. 当用as或though表达让步状语从句时；,3,英语中局部倒装句式使用的情形如下：,10. 在表达祝愿的特殊句式中： May sb. do sth.；,11. 在however等引导的让步状语从句和感慨句中(表语往往提前)；,12. 当句子主语过长，为了平衡句子构造时。

4,,So did he/ So he did/He did so有何区别？,翻译以下句子，指出画线局部的含义,1. I failed in the English Competition and so did he.,2. — The old teacher devoted his life to teaching.,— So he did. He was always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave.,,,4,,So did he/ So he did/He did so有何区别？,答案,1.,这次英语竞赛我失利了，他也一样2.,——,那位老教师把一生奉献给了教育——,他确实是这样他总是第一个赶到学校，最后一个离开学校4,,So did he/ So he did/He did so有何区别？,翻译以下句子，指出画线局部的含义,3.,The princess asked the king to give her 100 diamond rings and,he did so,.,公主要国王给她,100,枚钻戒，国王照做了。

注意词序和含义上的区别：,1.,so did he,表示前一个主语的情况适用于“,he”,，即“他也一样”2.,so he did,表示强调，强调主语“,he”,的动作或状态的真实性，即“他确实，真的做了某事或是某种情况”3.,he did so,表示听从建议或请求、命令，即“他按照吩咐,/,请求,/,命令这样做了”4,从语法角度而言，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于表达简洁的需要，在句中并不出现，这种语法现象称为“省略〞其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成局部，但仍能表达其完整的意义1,省略有哪些情况？,翻译以下句子，指出各省略表达,1. He spent a quarter looking through his speech.,2. Child as he was, he did quite well.,3. I believe you will succeed.,1.,他花了一刻钟浏览演讲稿looking through,前省略了,in),2.,虽然是孩子，但他做得很不错child,前省略了,a),3.,我相信你们会成功的I believe,后省略了,that),1,省略有哪些情况？,翻译以下句子，指出各省略表达,4. Beg your pardon.,5. The river is deep and the mountain high.,6. Are you ready Yes, I am.,4.,请你原谅。

Beg,前省略了主语,I),5.,河水很深，山很高mountain,后面省略了,is),6.,你准备好了吗？ 我准备好了am,后面省略了,ready),1,省略有哪些情况？,翻译以下句子，指出各省略表达,7. Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.,8. How he behaved!,9. What exciting news!,7. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语the dishes),8. 他表现得多么好/糟啊！(how后面省略了well 或badly),9. What exciting news (it is)！多么令人冲动的消息啊！,1,省略有哪些情况？,翻译以下句子，指出各省略表达,10. If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.,11. I won't go to the party unless invited.,10. 如有必要，我们就往家里打电报If necessary＝If it is necessary11. 除非被邀请否那么我不会参加晚会。

unless invited＝unless I am invited),1,省略有哪些情况？,翻译以下句子，指出各省略表达,12. (1)What about having a game of chess,(2) What if it's raining,12. (1),下盘棋怎么样？,(2),如果天下雨怎么办？,1,省略有哪些情况？,13.,He may leave if he wishes to.,14.,No parking.,15.,Should it rain tomorrow, we would change our plan to go on an outing.,13. 他可以走，如果他愿意的话to后省略了leave),14. 制止停车 No parking后省略了 is allowed here.),15. 假设明天下雨，我们就改变郊游的方案翻译以下句子，指出各省略表达,1,省略的主要情况有：,1.,省略介词2.,省略冠词3.,省略宾语从句引导词，定语从句关系代词,that,及先行词为,way,的定语从句引导词,that,4.,祈使句中省略主语1,5.,口语表达或并列结构及比较句型中省略谓语。

6.,简单回答及比较句型中省略表语7.,上下文意思清晰时，省略宾语8.,感叹句中省略状语1,9.,感叹句中省略主语和连系动词在以,if, when, though, as if (,好像,),等连词引导的从句中，如从句中的谓语动词含有,be,，主语是,it,,常将,it,和动词,be,省略1,9. 感慨句中省略主语和连系动词在以 ①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句；②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句；③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句；④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句；⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句中，如从句中的谓语动词含有be, 主语与主句主语一致，常将从句主语和动词 be 省略1,10.,固定句型引导的疑问句的省略11.,在口语中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省去和句子前部重复的动词原形而只留下不定式符号,to,12.,no,或,not,引起的省略13.,虚拟条件句中，如含有,were,，,had,，,should,,可将,if,省略，将这些词语提前。

英语中的插入语是插在句子中的一个词，短语或从句，通常被逗号、破折号或句子的其他局部隔开，它与句子的其他局部之间没有语法上的关系，因此，也可称为独立成分1,插入语有哪些类型？,翻译以下句子，找出句中插入语及其类型,1. Strange, there is nobody in the classroom.,2. Luckily for you, I happen to have the key.,1,．很奇怪，教室里没人形容词,Strange,作插入语2,．你很幸运，我正好带了钥匙副词短语,Luckily for you,作插入语1,插入语有哪些类型？,翻译以下句子，找出句中插入语及其类型,3. In short, we should not stop halfway.,4. Considering his age, he did very well.,3,．简言之，我们不能半途而废介词短语,In short,作插入语4,．从年龄考虑，他干得挺不错现在分词短语,Considering his age,作插入语1,插入语有哪些类型？,翻译以下句子，找出句中插入语及其类型,5. Given the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.,鉴于他的安康状况，手术后康复还需要一段时间。

过去分词短语Given the general state of his health作插入语1,插入语有哪些类型？,翻译以下句子，找出句中插入语及其类型,6. To be frank, I don't quite agree with you.,7. All in all, her condition is greatly improved.,6,．坦率地说，我不太同意你的意见动词不定式,To be frank,作插入语7,．总的来说，她的情况有很大好转代词词组,All in all,作插入语1,插入语有哪些类型？,翻译以下句子，找出句中插入语及其类型,8. If I may say so, we know nothing about it.,9. It's a great mistake, I think, not to accept their proposal.,8．正如我所说的，我们对它一无所知从句If I may say so作插入语9．依我看，不承受他们的建议是个大错误句子I think作插入语1,插入语大致可分为以下,9,种类型：,1.,形容词或形容词短语作插入语如：,worse still, sure enough, strange, most important of all,等。

2.,副词或副词短语作插入语如：,personally, honestly, fortunately, luckily, for us, though, besides, exactly, surely, frankly, still, otherwise,等1,3.,介词短语作插入语如：,of course, in short, as a matter of fact, by the way, on the other hand, in my opinion, in conclusion, in other words, above all,等4.,现在分词短语作插入语如：,generally speaking, judging from/ by …,，,talking of…,，,considering…,等1,5.,过去分词短语作插入语如：,Given…/Provided…,6.,动词不定式作插入语如：,to be sure, to be frank,，,to tell you the truth,，,to be honest,，,to cut a long story short,，,to be exact,，,to put it another way,，,to put it simply,等。

7.,代词词组作插入语如：,all the same,，,all in all,等1,8.,从句如：,if so / not / any, if I may say so, if you don't mind, as you know, as you say,9.,句子作插入语如：,I say /hear, I think /hope / believe, you know / see, what's more, that is (to say), I'm afraid, do you think / suppose,等注意：,插入语如不在句首，前后应有标点隔开反意疑问句是疑问句的一种， 由前后两个局部组成前一局部是对人或事物的陈述，后一局部是简短的提问一般情况下，假设陈述局部用肯定式，那么疑问局部用否认式；反之，假设陈述局部用否认式，那么疑问局部用肯定式反意疑问句既可以表示真实疑问，也可以表示说话人的某种倾向、强调或反问1,学习反意疑问句应注意哪些方面？,,完成以下反意疑问句,1. The students and their teacher are discussing how to improve their teaching efficiency, __________？,2. The residents didn't agree to the former housing plan, __________？,答案,,1. aren't they,,2. did they,,1,学习反意疑问句应注意哪些方面？,,3.,He dislikes having porridge for breakfast, ________,？,4.,I don't believe he can't find out the answer, _______,？,5.,Everything is ready, __________,？,6.,There seem to be 5 free buses to go to the mall, __________,？,答案,3. doesn‘t he,,4. does it,,5. isn‘t it,,6. don't there,1,学习反意疑问句应重点注意四点：,1,．,肯定和否定形式的选择。

一般情况下，肯定和否定交错出现但具体情况比较复杂，如加前缀，后缀构成的否定词视为肯定情况，那么疑问部分用否定2.,主语的确定主语应转化为代词，而且要注意其单复数如,everything,作主语，用单数代词,it,提问，但,everybody,作主语，用复数代词,they,提问1,学习反意疑问句应重点注意四点：,3．时态的照应提问应注意前后时态的一致性4．复合句中要注意就主句提问还是从句提问一般情况下，就主句提问，但否认前移的句式就从句提问学习反意疑问句的难点是要掌握足够量的典型句式，准确把握其正确用法2,反意疑问句常见句式有哪些？,完成以下反意疑问句,1. Dogs aren't friendly to cats, __________？,2. Let's have further discussion about it, __________？,3. Don't forget to phone me, __________？,4. He seldom watches TV, __________？,答案,1. are they,,2. shall we,,3. will you,,4. does he,2,反意疑问句常见句式有哪些？,完成以下反意疑问句,5. John said nobody was fit for the job, ________？,6. Nothing can stop us now, __________？,7. Someone is waiting for you, __________？,8. There seemed to be any trouble, __________？,答案,5. didn't he,,6. can it,,7. aren't they,,8. didn't there,2,反意疑问句常见句式有哪些？,完成以下反意疑问句,9. We had to take the first train, __________？,10. My brother often has colds, __________？,答案,,9. didn't we,,10. doesn't he,2,反意疑问句主要句式总结如下：,1.,there be,句型中，反意疑问部分的主语用,there,。

2.,I'm,结构中，反意疑问部分一般用,aren't I,3.,当陈述部分为主从复合句时，反意疑问部分通常就主句提问4.,主句为,I think/I don't think, I suppose/I don't suppose, I believe/I don't believe,的复合句时，反意疑问部分就从句提问，且要注意否定的转移2,5,．,上述结构中如主语不是第一人称，则就主句提问6,．,谓语动词为,have/has/had,，表示“有”含义时反意疑问部分可直接就其提问，也可以借助助动词,does/do/did,提问7,．,谓语动词为,have/has/had,，不表示“有”含义时反意疑问部分只能借助助动词,does/do/did,提问2,8,．,当陈述部分带有,never, nothing, nowhere, seldom, hardly, rarely, few, little,等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式9,．,当陈述部分的谓语动词是带有,un­,，,in­,，,dis­,等否定前缀的动词，则仍然把陈述部分看作肯定句，反意疑问部分用否定形式10,．,当陈述部分带有情态动词,ought to,时，反意疑问部分在英式英语中可用,ought,也可用,should,形式。

2,11,．,当陈述部分带有情态动词,must,时，反意疑问部分需视,must,的含义而定当,must,表示“命令或强制”时，反意疑问部分用,mustn't, 当,must,表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句用,needn't,12,．,当,must,表示推测意义时，反意疑问部分不用,mustn't,，而根据对应的实际时态分别就一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，现在完成时提问2,13,．,当陈述部分带有,need/dare,时，根据,need/dare,的情态动词用法或实义动词用法来提问14.,had better,或,would rather/would like,时，反意疑问部分就,had,或,would,提问have to,借助助动词提问15,．,当陈述部分是肯定形式祈使句时，反意疑问部分一般用,will you (would you),，,won't you,当陈述部分是否定形式祈使句时，反意疑问部分一般用,will you (would you),2,16.,Let's,开头的祈使句时，反意疑问部分用,shall we; Let us,开头的祈使句，反意疑问部分则用,will you,。

17.,I wish…,或,Let me …,开头的祈使句，用,May I,提问18.,非谓语动词作主语，常用,it,提问19.,主语为句子，常用,it,提问20.,It is /was…that,强调句型， 常用,it,提问21.,陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词,everything, that, nothing, this,,疑问部分主语用,it,2,22,．,陈述部分主语是不定代词,everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one,等，疑问部分常用复数,they,23,．,并列复合句的疑问部分，就邻近分句提问24,．,陈述部分由,neither…nor…,，,either…or…,等连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定25,．,陈述部分前有强调词，此时为反问语气，后面提问的肯定，否定形式与前面保持一致26,．,感叹句省略主语时，要就原来的主语提问3,反意疑问句怎样回答？,,根据实际情况答复以下反意疑问句,1. — North Korea is a socialist country，isn't it,— ____________________.,2. — India isn't a developing country，is it,— ____________________.,答案,1. Yes,，,it is,,2. Yes, it is,,3,反意疑问句怎样回答？,,根据实际情况答复以下反意疑问句,3. — Beijing isn't the capital of China, is it,— ____________________.,4. — Shanghai isn't the capital of China, is it,— ____________________.,答案,3. Yes, it is,,4.No, it isn't,3,反意疑问句的回答分两种情况理解。

陈述部分是肯定时，与汉语回答是一致的陈述部分为否定的反意疑问句回答时,注意三点,第一，,回答时先完整地回答句子如：,India is a developing country(,而不是简单回答,It is);,第二，,判断完整回答中的肯定或否定形式；,第三，,根据肯定或否定形式确定,Yes,或,No,，肯定用,Yes,否定用,NO,，注意回答的一致性3,以,“,Shanghai isn't the capital of China, is it,？,”,为例，,第一，,回答时先完整地回答句子：,Shanghai is not the capital of China.(,上海当然不是中国的首都,);,第二，,判断完整回答中的肯定或否定形式：否定；,第三，,根据否定形式确定,No.,注意回答的一致性：,No,，,it isn't.,可见，在陈述部分为否定的反意疑问句的回答中，,Yes,翻译成,“,不,”,，而,No,翻译成,“,是,”,Goodbye!,。