专升本语法第四讲连词介词和介词短语

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,专升本语法第四讲连词介词和介词短语,一、连词,连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担当句子成分，而只起连接词于词、短语与短语句子与句子的作用连词主要分为两类：并列连词和附属连词并列连词,1，表示并列关系,2，表示选择关系,3，表示转折关系,4，表示缘由关系,附属连词及其用法,附属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句，从而构成复合句中的附属分句附属连词所引导的从句可以是名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句就词性而言可以分为以下三类：,1简单附属连词,2复合附属连词,3关系附属连词,引导名词性从句的附属连词,主要有：that,if,whether等,I dont think that we should stay another week.我不认为我们不该再呆一周引导宾语从句,Whether hell come or not is unknown.没人知道他是否要来引导主语从句,引导状语从句的附属连词,1引导时间状语从句：when,while,as,after,before,until/till,since,as soon as等。

When you came in,I was talking with a few boys.你进来时，我正和几个小男孩谈话They laughed as they walked down the river.他们沿着河边边走边笑I have lived in England since I was three.我自三岁以来一直住在英格兰As soon as you feel sick,go to see a doctor.一感觉不适就去看医生2引导地点状语从句：where,I live where there are mountains.我住在多山的地方3引导原因状语从句：because,since,as,Since you know all about it,tell me please.既然你都知道，那就告诉我吧As all the seats were taken,I had to stand.由于所有的座位走坐满了人，我只好站着4引导条件状语从句：if,unless,once(一旦),If you wish to go,please go.如果你想去，就请去吧Once you have made your decision,you shouldnt change it.一旦做出决定就不要改了。

5引导目的状语从句：In order that,so that,so等In order that we can arrive there on time,we should start off early.为了按时赶到那里，我们必须早出发6引导让步状语从句：although,though,even if,even though,Though Canada is large,the population is small.尽管加拿大面积大，但人口少7引导结果状语从句so,sothat,suchthat,so that 等He was so careless that he forgot to write his name on the paper.他如此粗心以至于忘了在试卷上写名字8引导比较状语从句：than,as(so)as等,Some people think that planes now are not as safe as trains.有些人认为现在飞机没有火车平安9引导方式状语从句：as,as if,as though 等.,You should do as I do.你应按我做的去做。

介词和介词短语,常用介词有：at,in,for,of,from,with,by,behind,outside,above,before,after,below,over,under,between,among等1.at,1)主要表示方向、场所、时间的某一点The post office is at the corner of the street.邮局在街道拐角上I dont like to be disturbed while I an at dinner.我吃饭时，不喜欢被打搅2at主要用于表示时刻如：at 5:00 oclock.,3)用于一些常用词组中：at this moment(此刻),at the beginning of,at the end of,at noon,at night,at first,at last,at once.,2.in,1)in 表示场所、时间与期限、状况和方向Max spoke to the stranger in English.马克思用英语同陌生人交谈2in 主要用于表示较长的时间单位，如月份、季节、年份、年代等In spring(在春天)in the 1990s(20世纪90年代)in those days(在那些日子里),On,1主要表示在上面，根据；或有关,Its hard luck on John,having to working while the rest of us are on holiday.对约翰来说真不幸，其他人休假而他却要上班。

2on 可具体指某一天或特指某一天的上午、下午或晚上On the morning of August1(在8月1日的早上)On New Years Day(在元旦)on time(按时)in time(及时),1)主要表示接近，时限，动作的执行者，方式The river flows by the little village.这条河流经这个小村Buses passed by every ten or fifteen minutes.公共汽车每隔10分钟或者15分钟经过一次2用在一些常用词组中by ship,by plane,by bus,by chance,by hand,by heart,by accident.,5.for,1)主要表示目的，原因，交换值以及时间和距离的长度Mr Smith made a new toy for his children史密斯先生为孩子们做了一个新玩具There are three chairs for each room.每个房间有三张椅子2用在一些常用词组中For that reason,for two years,for free,for sale,1)主要表示局部与全体的关系，所有关系，来源等。

This is a book of mine，这是我的一本书Its a waste of time.这是浪费时间7.to,1)主要表示方向，程度，结果，关系和位置When you come to the traffic lights,turn left.你来到交通岗时，向左转弯John has sent the book to you.约翰已把书送给你了。