美国人力资源管理—福利管理-教学课件8

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,8-,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Chapter 8,Government-Mandated Social Security and Workers Compensation Programs,McGraw-Hill/Irwin,Copyright 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.All rights reserved.,LEARNING OBJECTIVES,Basic Social Security programs affecting employment:OASDI,Medicare,and unemployment insurance,Administration and funding of Social Security programs,Structure of Social Security program benefits,Reasoning behind workers compensation insurance,Types of workers compensation claims,SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAMS,Old-Age,Survivor,and Disability Insurance,(OASDI),Medicare,Unemployment Insurance,Supplemental Security Income Benefits,Two federal agencies oversee Social Security programs:The Social Security Administration and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.,Programs were designed to further the“common good”;ensuring progressive wages and benefits that allow employees to participate fully in a consumer-based economy.,Social Security Program Eligibility,See Exhibit 8.1,OASDI/Medicare,Exempt from OASDI ONLY:,Civilian employees of the federal government,Exempt from Social Security contributions,:,Employees of state,Children under 21 who work for a parent;however must participate if 18 or over and work for parents business.,Interesting Facts.,Social Security is the major source of income for most elderly,Social Security provides more than just“retirement”.In 2008 more than 50 million Americans received more than$53 billion in Social Security benefits.,The aging workforce is placing a strain on the Social Security because there will be more retired individuals receiving benefits than employed individuals contributing to the program.In 2032,there will be just 2.1 workers per beneficiary compared to 3.3 workers per beneficiary in 2007.,UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE,The current economic recession has pushed the unemployment rate at the time of this writing to almost 10%;the highest rate in 28 years.As an initial reaction,Congress passed the Emergency Unemployment Insurance Program(EUC)in June 2008 to supplement unemployment benefits.,Additionally,in 2009 significant temporary enhancements were made under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009(ARRA)which provided 13 additional weeks of benefits as well as a$25 weekly increase in benefit amount.The Act is set to expire on December 31,2009;however Congress may,once again,vote for a benefit extension.,Unemployment Insurance Administration,Federal Level,The Employment and Administration in the U.S.Dept.of Labor oversees unemployment insurance programs.Both federal and state payroll taxes are collected to fund benefit costs;however the federal portion is used to actually administer the benefit.,State Level,The states share of benefit costs may be used for actual employee benefits only.State employment security agencies/offices oversee the administration of the program.States also maintain records,collect taxes,process claims,and distribute benefits.,Qualifying For OASDI Benefits,The Social Security System uses a system of credits to determine whether eligible individuals qualify for OASDI and Medicare benefits.Employees accumulate“credits”based on their payment of Social Security taxes.,Employees earn one social security“credit”for each$1090 of earnings,subject to a maximum of four credits per calendar year.Employees typically must have 40+credits to be eligible for retirement benefits.,The number of credits required to qualify for benefits depends on a persons age and the particular Social Security benefit.,DETERMINING OASDI BENEFITS,Average Indexed Monthly Earnings (AIME)Sets Primary Insurance Amount(PIA),Cost of Living Adjustments(COLAs),Guards Against Inflation,Based on Consumer Price Index(CPI),from Department of Labor,Average Indexed Monthly Earnings(AIME)represent a persons earnings prior to age 62,disability,or death adjusted for fluctuations in income and average changes in the economy over the same period.AIME is used to ensure that participants benefits are proportionally the same.,Adjustments to basic rates are made based on the Consumer Price Index which tracks the changes in the costs of goods and services in the U.S.Effective January 2009,the annual increase in Social Security benefits was 5.8 percent.,Old Age Benefits,Early retirement at 62;however benefits are reduced to account for a longer benefit period.,Retirement Age is gradually increasing from 65 years and will reach 67 years in 2022.,The retirement program includes incentives for individuals to delay their retirement until reaching full retirement age.,Individuals may receive retirement credits until age 70 subject to a maximum percentage increase.,OASDI BENEFITS FOR FAMILY MEMBERS,Wife or husband age 62 and older,Wife or husband under 62,if she or he is 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