关于自动手动变速器控制发展进展外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

关于自动手动变速器控制发展进展外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译 附录AReview on development progress of automatic manual transmissions controlAbstract：ln recenl year ，the sustainable development of automatic manual lransmissions AMTs control in vehicles is conspicuous．The control applications have grown fast and steadily due to the lremendous progress in power electronics components and the control software that enhance the requirements for delivering higher vehicles performance．AMTs controI strategies achieve a reduction in the driveline dynamic oscillations behavior during gear shifting and clutch starting up processes.AM-r s future expectations are an increase of torque capacity，more speed ratios and lhe development of advanced and efficienl electronic control systems．This paper concerns with lhe progressing view of AMTs in the past，today and future，gives an overview oflhe potential dynamic problems concerned with AMTs and some control strategies used to solve lhose problems． Keywords：AMTs control strategy；clutch dynamic response；pneumatic lransmission controlIntroduction The research carried out during the last few years on manual transmission systems are considered as a foundation for automatic manual transmission research.upgrading the old manual style by inserting electronic equipment and software to improve shift quality，enhance fuel economy，and develop more efficient and reliable systems．In 1970 Scania and Daimler Benz began to use half automation control mode as the first stage for AMT progress．In their model the gear shifting process was operated by electro―pneumatic system after pressing the clutch peda1．An electronic monitor gave suggestion to the driver for optimal gear shifting [1]．American Eaton’s Smart improved the previous model by adding control strategies for both the clutch and the engine．In the second stage，a full automatic control system was generated and the first product was delivered to the market by Isuzu in 1984 followed by Nissan，Ford and Renault，using throttle pedal as a controlling parameter for speed contro1．The third stage was an intelligent automatic control，in which Isuzu and Nissan promoted the preceding models，picking up modem control theory such as Fuzzy logic，including environmental parameters and vehicle running conditions in their models[2]．Currently，vehicle manufactures of AMTs are focusing on the customer’s demand that means better shift quality and more efficient transmission system， in addition to further reduction of fuel consumption． European light vehicle market has low penetration of AMTs and automatic transmission in the past ten years．It has grown slowly from 8% to just over 14% because consumers are reluctant to choose automatics．In the US，AM T demand has grown strongly and steadily so that 84% of cars are automatic currently．In Japan，the move to automatics came later than in the US mainly due to heavy traffic congestion that limits the opportunity to achieve imum acceleration or high speed. Anyway，AMTs have come to dominate the market[3]．China enrolled in AMTs researches in 1984 and Xin Yuan Sheng company is currently constructing an electrolnechanical system consists of DC motor for actuating the clutch and shifting unit for selecting and shifting processes[4]．AMT control strategies are very important issues required to reduce fuel consumption and deliver smooth acceleration by minimizing unwanted oscillations which have adverse effects on vehicle performance．1 Configurations of AMT control system An AM T control system of a vehicle consists mainly of the engine，clutch and gear shift control units operated by computer software，as is shown in Fig．1 where the transmission control unit TCU communicateswith the engine control unit ECU through a standar CAN or a seriaI bus[5]．A signal from the sensor of a acceleration pedal shows the operation magnitude othe acceleration pedal，and this signal is fed to the gear shifting control unit and the ECU．In the gear shift in control unit，position sensors are used to determine the gear shifting point. 1 Engine； 2 Engine speed sensor； 3 Clutch； 4 Stroke sensor； 5 Clutch actuator； 6 Transmission； 7 Gear shifting actuators； 8 Gear position sensor； 9 Driving whecl mechanism； IO Vehicle speed sensor； I I Clutch control unit； 12 Gear shifting control unit； 13 Computer software； I4 Transmission control unit； 15 Acceleration 0eaaJ Sensor； 16 Throttle pedal； I7 Engine control unit and 18 Throttle actuator．Fig．1 Configuration of AMT control systemThe TCU or the data acquisition card receives information from analogue sensors and transfer it to a A/D converters and I/O interface． Also a digital encoder can be used for measuring data an d feed them in a digital form compatible with the computer software．The response output signals are fed back bv D/A converters to controI the clutch and gear shifting actuators． 2 Classifications of AMTs control systemAccording to the driving actuator’s forces that operate the。