英语PET必记词汇表

1、From 2020VOCABULARY LISTB1 PreliminaryB1 Preliminary for SchoolsPreliminary and Preliminary for Schools Vocabulary List UCLES 2018Introduction to the Preliminary Vocabulary ListThe Preliminary Vocabulary List gives teachers a guide to the vocabulary needed when preparing students for the Preliminary and Preliminary for Schools examinations.Background to the listThe Preliminary Vocabulary List was originally developed by Cambridge Assessment in consultation with external consultants to guide item

2、 writers who produce materials for the Preliminary examination. It includes vocabulary from the Council of Europes Threshold (1990) specification and other vocabulary which corpus evidence shows is high frequency.The list covers vocabulary appropriate to the B1 level on the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) and includes receptive vocabulary (words that the candidate is expected to understand but which are not the focus of a question) and productive vocabulary (words that the candidat

3、e needs to know to answer a question).The list does not provide an exhaustive list of all words which appear on the Preliminary and Preliminary for Schools question papers and candidates should not confine their study of vocabulary to the list alone.How the list is updatedThe vocabulary of English changes over time, with words being added and other words falling into disuse. In order to maintain its currency, the Preliminary Vocabulary List is updated on a regular basis, with the decision to add

4、 or remove words being informed by reference to the Cambridge Learner Corpus and English Profile Wordlists.The Cambridge Learner Corpus is a collection of over 44 million words of English, based upon evidence of language use by learners from all over the world and from which the English Vocabulary Profile has developed. The English Vocabulary Profile shows the most common words and phrases that learners of English need to know in British or American English. The meaning of each word or phrase in

5、 the wordlists has been assigned a level between A1 and B2 on the CEFR.A preview version of the English Vocabulary Profile can be accessed by visiting the website: http:/www.englishprofile.orgOrganisation of the list Word setsSome categories of words that a learner at this level might be expected to know, e.g. days of the week, are not included in the alphabetical list but are listed in Appendix 1. Although grammar words (pronouns, modal verbs, etc.) are included, the Language Specification sect

6、ion of the Preliminary Handbook and Preliminary for Schools Handbook (available from from www.cambridgeenglish.org) should be consulted for a more complete listing. ExemplificationExample phrases and sentences showing how words might be used are given only where words with different meanings need to be constrained. For example, heel is followed by I cant walk in high heels this shows that heel is limited to the idea of shoes: candidates are not expected to know other meanings, such as the part o

7、f the body. UCLES 2018Page 3 of 51Preliminary and Preliminary for Schools Vocabulary List Multi-word verbsMulti-word verbs are not included in the list if they have a literal meaning and are composed of verbs and particles already in the list. Examples of literal multi-word verbs are come into, sit down, as in Why not come into the kitchen and sit down? If the meaning of the verb is not transparent, e.g. find out, get along, give in, then the verb is listed and an example of usage given. Topic l

8、istsIn Appendix 2, words have been grouped together under common Preliminary and/or Preliminary for Schools themes, such as Food and Drink, House and Home and Sport. Not all the words in the Topic Lists headings appear on the wordlist.Unsuitable topicsCambridge Assessment English examinations must not contain anything that might offend or upset candidates, potentially affect their performance or distract them during the examination. A number of sensitive topics are considered unsuitable for use

9、in Preliminary and Preliminary for Schools, for example war and politics, and vocabulary relating to these is not included in the Preliminary Vocabulary List.Personal vocabularyThe content of the Preliminary Vocabulary List is general in nature and is unlikely to cover completely the productive vocabulary that may be required by all candidates. Candidates should know the specific lexis they will need to describe themselves and their lives, for example hobbies, likes and dislikes.AbbreviationsAbbreviations used in the Preliminary Vocabulary List are:abbrevabbreviation or acronymmvmodal verbadjadjectivennounadvadverbphr vphrasal verbavauxiliary verbplpluralAm EngAmerican EnglishprepprepositionBr EngBritish Englishprep phr

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