NIVISION边缘检测
17页1、Definition of an EdgeAn edge is a significant change in the grayscale values between adjacent pixels in an image. In NI Vision, edge detection works on a 1D profile of pixel values along a search region, as shown in the following figure. The 1D search region can take the form of a line, the perimeter of a circle or ellipse, the boundary of a rectangle or polygon, or a freehand region. The software analyzes the pixel values along the profile to detect significant intensity changes. You can specif
2、y characteristics of the intensity changes to determine which changes constitute an edge.2 Edges1 Search LinesCharacteristics of an EdgeThe following figure illustrates a common model that is used to characterize an edge.Gray Level Inten sitiesSearchDirection1 Grayscale Profile3 Edge Stre ngth2 Edge Len gth4 Edge Locati onThe following list includes the main parameters of this model. Edge strength Defines the minimum difference in the grayscale values between the background and the edge. The edg
3、e strength is also called the edge contrast. The following figure shows an image that has different edge strengths. The strength of an edge can vary for the following reasons: Lighting conditions If the overall light in the scene is low, the edges in image will have lowstrengths. The following figure illustrates a change in the edge strength along the boundary ofan object relative to different lighting conditions. Objects with different grayscale characteristicsThe presence of a very bright obje
4、ct causesother objects in the image with lower overall intensities to have edges with smaller strengths.ABC* Edge length Defines the distance in which the desired grayscale difference between the edge and the background must occur. The length characterizes the slope of the edge. Use a longer edge length, defined by the size of the kernel used to detect edges, to detect edges with a gradual transition between the background and the edge.* Edge location The x, y location of an edge in the image.Ed
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