蒙大英语国家-英国概况教案07 British history
4页1、Lecture TenBritish HistoryI Before the Middle-ages The Four Conquestsv The main nations: E, S, W, I; v The early inhabitants: the Britons, were a tribe of Celts, a primitive people no written language, but with words and sounds; civilizationstone hedge The Celtic language was partly preserved and assimilated into the English language. 1. The Roman Conquestv In 55B.C, Julius Cesar drove the native Celts to mountainous Scotland and Wales Towns, temples, theatres, fine buildings; roads and castles
2、were built In 410 A.D., Romans retreated, ended their occupation in Britain.2. The Anglo-Saxon Conquestv In the 5th century, Angles, Saxons and Jutes from Northern Europe invaded Britain. Three kingdoms were set up: Wessex, Essex, Sussex By the 7th century, the three kingdoms were united as England, their language Anglo-Saxon is the old EnglishAnglo-Saxon Influencev Transition from tribal society into feudal societyv Influence of Northern mythology on the English languagev Monasteries and writte
3、n books3. The Viking and Danish InvasionsAfter the death of Alfred, his successors recaptured the Danelaw. Danes resumed their attacks. King Ethelred wanted to pay to Danes for their leave, but in vain.4. The Norman Conquestv 8the to 9th Century, Danes began to settle, King Alfred the Great (849-901) v 1066, French-speaking Normans conquered England under William, the Conqueror. v Feudalism was established in England, main classes: landlords and peasants v Ruling class: nobleman, knights, bishop
4、s, archbishops; v French civilization and Middle EnglishII The Middle Ages The Crusades The power of the Church “Eternal damnation” and “excommunicating” The Magna Carta King John The One Hundred Years War with France Joan of ArcIII The 16th Centuryv The Wars of the Rosesv The Changing Europev Henry VIII The Protestant Churchv Bloody Maryv The Reign of Queen Elizabeth I Literature Adventure on the sea (Sir Francis Drake) The Gunpowder Plot (Guy Fawkes)IV The 17th Centuryv The Civil War King Char
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