初中宾语从句(只是电视和初中使用).doc

教育影响一生 戴氏全力为之初中英语教研组初二语法专题——宾语从句（The Object Clause）教师：霍东雯 时间：2013-5-5一.宾语从句的定义由一个句子在句中作宾语，这个句子称为宾语从句★宾语从句的结构：主语+谓语+引导词+ 主语+谓语掌握宾语从句抓住三要素：引导词，语序，时态二.宾语从句中引导词的用法（一）that 引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合 that 可以省略）Ⅰthat+陈述句（确定的事实或想法，希望等，没有疑问的涵义）可跟 that 从句做宾语的动词一般表达：观点，看法，要求等这样的动词有：say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, deny, expect, explain, order, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, report 等例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. I hope that you will have a great improvement.Jack thinks that basketball is an exciting sport. ★：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。

例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.I don’t believe he is good at dancing.Ⅱ在以下情况中 that 不能省略1. ★当句中的动词后由连接词 and 或 but 连接多于两个由 that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that 可省，但 后面的 that 不可省例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.2. 当主句的谓语动词与 that 宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 一般不可省例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.3. 当 that 从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that 不可省例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that 引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用 it 作形式宾语。

教育影响一生 戴氏全力为之例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.（二）由 whether,if 引导的宾语从句由 whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的意思是“是否”，表达一个不确定的概念宾语从句要用陈述句语序一般说来，在宾语从句中 whether 与 if 可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下 if 与 whether 是不能互换的例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.She doesn’t know whether (if) they will go fishing on Sunday.Ⅰ只能用 whether，不能用 if 引导的宾语从句★1.在具有选择意义，又有 or 或 or not 时，尤其是直接与 or not 连用时，往往用whether如：Let me know whether he will come or not ．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。

I don't know whether he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing ． ）我不知道他洗不洗衣服I wonder whether we stay or whether we go．我不知道我们是去还是留★2.在介词之后用 whether如： I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作3.在不定式前用 whether如： He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去只能用 if 不能用 whether 引导的宾语从句1. if 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.2. if 引导否定概念的宾语从句时例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.3. 引导状语从句 even if（即使）和 as if（好象）时例句：He talks as if he has known all about it.（三）疑问词引导的宾语从句这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。

表达 是什么，是谁， 什么时候， 在哪里， 为什么， 哪一个What who when where why whichⅠ英语中的连接代词有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语例句：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for? 你能该告诉我你在等谁吗？教育影响一生 戴氏全力为之Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么？The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.Ⅱ英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how ，在句中担任状语的成分例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.Can you tell me when we will go to the cinema?三.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：引导词+主语+谓语+ 其他成分。

例句如下：1. I don’t know what they are looking for.2. Could you tell me when the train will leave?3. Can you imagine what kind of man he is?★ 四.宾语从句的时态口诀：主现从任意；主过从任过；从真理用一般1. 主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.I hope we will become good friends.2. ★主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式① 主句是过去时， 从句是一般过去时，表示过去时间里发生的动作或习惯性，经常性的动作例句：She said she was mad at Ann.He said he went to the beach every Saturday.② 主句是过去时， 从句是过去进行时，有具体的时间点,表示过去的那个时间点正在干什么例句：He said he was watching TV at 9 o’clock last night.③ 主句是过去时， 从句是过去将来时，表示在过去某个时间看未来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

例句： Tom told us he would go to the moon someday.Mr. Wang asked us whether we would pass the final exam.④ 主句是过去时， 从句是过去完成时，表示过去的过去，已经发生的事情例句： She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.Peter said he had seen the film before.3. ★当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.We all know that the earth goes around the sun.Yesterday my mother told me September 10th is Teachers’ Day. 教育影响一生 戴氏全力为之基础练习1. —Would you tell me ?--Sorry, I don’t know.A. when will the plane take offB. when the plane will take offC. when would the plane take off2. Can you tell me after this exam?A. what you did B. what did you do C. what will you do D. what you will do3. Did you hear he said just now?A. that B. what C. which D. it4. Mr. Black asked me who .A. was the girl in red B. the girl in red is C. the girl in red was D. the girl was in red5. Could you tell me we will have the meeting this afternoon?A. that B. whom C. who D. where6. He asked his father .A. where it happens B. where did it happens C. how it happened D. how did it happen7. Please tell me 。