
方法可专利性的研究.doc
32页法 律硕士专业学 位论文方法可专利性研究Research On Patentability of Method作者姓名: 陈谦 指导教师: 李雨峰西南政法大学Southwest University of Political Science and Law内容摘要人类的智力活动是人类社会进步的源泉,用专门的法律对智力活动的创造成 果进行保护是近儿个世纪以来慢慢发展出来的,直到进入20世纪,知识产权制 度才慢慢趋渐成熟,然而随着20世纪80年代计算机技术的产生,我们步入信息 化时代,各种高新技术的出现,对知识产权制度产生了很大的冲击,尤以知识产 权制度中的专利制度受到的影响最大美国最近发生的Bilski案,在经过多年的行政、司法程序后,终于尘埃落 定,该案的典型性值得我们对方法的可专利性问题进行深入探讨可专利性本是 专利法领域的基础理论,但随着社会的不断发展,科学技术的更新换代,因新技 术而产生的多种方法专利申请,该如何判断它们的可专利性,在实务界和理论界 引起了不小争议世界各国的判断标准都有所不同,甚至同一国家的不同时期方 法的可专利性判断标准也是不断变化发展的鉴于此,本文通过解读Bilski案的判决,借鉴分析美国专利制度的发展,对方法可专利性制度提出自己的改良意见。
全文分为四个部分:第一部分,先对Bilski案的案情作个简单介绍,Bilski案从美国专利商标 局的行政程序进入美国法院的司法程序,从联邦巡回上诉法院到联邦最高法院的 审理,对各个程序的审理或判决结果进行介绍,对这些程序中所存在的主要争议 点进行阐述第二部分,从方法可专利性制度理论问题及美国专利申请与司法审判实践出 发,先对理论知识的历史和现状进行介绍,然后结合本案件的具体情况,对本案 之前及之后的专利申请与审判实践所依据的标准进行具体分析第三部分,由美国的Bilski案引出我国的方法可专利性现状,具体讨论了 智力活动的规则和方法、疾病的诊断和治疗方法以及商业方法,从我国的法律文 本的明确规定和专利申请与审判实践方面进行具体讨论,据此来分析我国H前对 方法可专利性标准的大致态度第四部分,再次回到Bilski案,认真对案件进行思考,由此案件给我们所 带來的启发,主要写了案件发生地美国因此案对专利政策带來的的影响,以及我 国对本案的应存在的合理借鉴,进而对方法可专利性制度提出自己的意见,以期完善方法专利审查与司法审判的理论与实践关键词:方法;Bilski案;可专利性;判断标准AbstractHuman intellectual activity is a source of progress of human society.With a special law to protect the creative achievements of intellectual activityjt developed slowly in the past few centuries.Until the early 20th century, the intellectual property system was becoming mature gradually. However, with the producing of computer technology in the 1980s,we moved into the information age,the emergence of a variety of high-tech had a great impact on the intellectual property system. Particulariy.it had a great influence on the patent system.Recently, the case of Bilski is finally settled .after several years of administrative and judicial proceedings.The representativeness of this case deserves our further exploring on the problem of patentability of process. Patentability is originally the basic theory of the patent law, however, with the development of the society, the update of the science and the technology, and various of process to apply for a patent due to the new technology, the question of how to judge the patentability arouses great controversy between the practical and theoretical sphere. Standards to judge the patentability are diverse all around the world, and even the same country uses different standard at different times.Therefore, this thesis aims to put forward the improvement opinions on the patentability system of process by analyzing judgment of the Bilski case and drawing on the experience of American patent system.This thesis can divided into four parts:Part I : Author began with an introduction to the case of Bilski. From the administrative procedures of the USPTO into the court proceedings of the United States , from the CAFC to the Supreme Court hearing , author introduced the trial or verdict of the various procedures and elaborated on the main con troversial point of these programs.Part II:From the theoretical issues of method patentability system and patent applications and Justice trial practice starting , introducing the history and current status of the theoretical knowledge , and combining with the specific circumstances of the case, author detailed analysis of the basis of the patent application in the case before and after the trial practice standards.PartHI:From the case of Bilski ,author talked about the method patentability status quo ,especially discussed the rules and methods of intelligence activities, the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and business methods. From the specific discussion of the law and patent applications and trial practice, author discussed the roughly attitude of the method patentability standards .PartIV:Return to the case of Bilski, we need to think about the affect of the case.Author mainly talked about the influence of the case on the U.S. Patent policy, as well as our reasonable reference .Finally,the author put forward his opinions Jn order to improve the examination and the administration of justices theory and practice of the the method patent.Key words: process; Bilski case; patentability; standard of judgment引言 1一、 案情简介 2(一)案由与案情 2(-)案件判决结果及争议焦点 3二、 方法可专利性的判断 3(一) “方法”的含义 4(二) BILSKI案之前判断标准 5(三) BILSKI案Z后方法可专利性的判断 7三、 的方法可专利性现状 12(-)智力活动的规则和方法 12(-)疾病的诊断和治疗方法 14(三) 商业方法 15(四) 的方法可专利性判定 16四、 BILSKI案的启发 18(一“)专利政策影响 18(二)方法发明专利审查的更新与完善 19结语 20参考文献 22致谢 24引言在人类的日常生产、生活活动中,人们会创造出新的装置新的设备,以及形成各种 新颖的构思方法,这些都是人类的劳动成果。
我们需要对这些劳动成果予以保护,于是 专利制度的形成与发展显得尤为重要这些劳动成果如果想要获得专利制度的保护,就 需要满足专利法的规定,需要落在专利法规定的客体范囤内,同时要求这些劳动成果相 比以前的同类劳动成果有显著的创新性I换言之,一•项授予专利权的发明创造既应该属 于专利保护客体,同时还需要达到一定的创新程度对于实体性的装置设备或电子、药詁等等,根据上述规定还是比较容易判断其是否 能授予专利权的而能够授予专利权的发明创造,还包括一些方法发明,而方法只是一 个抽象的概念,并无实体存在,正由于此,我们在审查方法专利中请是否满足法律的规 定时就会存在很大的差异,不同的国家对于这类方法专利申请所采用的标准也存在着很 大的不同,实务界和学术界对方法专利制度也一直在进行探讨方法发明被纳入专利领域,专利法给予其保护,这种现彖最早出现在美国,半随着 时代的发展,越來越多的方法发明出现,其中有很多方法对于科技发展,人类生活水平 的提高都有着很显著的作用,于是越来越多的国家和地区意识到方法专利的重要性,纷 纷开始建立或探讨方法专利制度其中,美国的Cochrane诉Deener案更有其标志性。
