专题07 虚拟语气.docx

1. 【2019 江苏卷】 What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we a good time together.A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had【答案】 C 句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光, 否则 , 我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的根据上文, 可 知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句： 主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C2. 【2019・天津卷】The workers were not better organized, otherwise they the task in half the time.A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished【答案】D句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务根据上句the workers were not better organized 可知, 这是对过去事情的虚拟。

与过去事实相反的假设其句子结构为：从句： If+ 主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D3. 【2018江苏】 It's strange that he have taken the books without the owner's permission.A. would B. should C. could D. might【答案】B句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that..."中，其中由 that 引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原 形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略点睛：本题考查虚拟语气It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气， 表达一种要求、命令或 者责备、建议或主观看法但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情， 完全可以用一般的陈述语气。

试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.(陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪)It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. (虚拟语气， 说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错)4. 【2018 江苏】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I a second chance to become more involved.A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had【答案】A句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与本题考查wish引 导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时5. 【2018北京】 They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers.A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven【答案】D句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。

由“they might have found a better hotel"可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟if a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟,条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故D选项正确6. 【2018天津】 If we the flight yesterday， we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA. had caught B. caught C. have caught D. would catch【答案】A句意:如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了根据时间状语yesterday 可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had + v-edo故选A7. 【2017北京卷】 If the new safety system to use， the accident would never have happened.A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put【答案】A句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话 这个事故就不会发生了。

根据主句确定是对过 去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式,此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的8. 【2017江苏卷】 not for the support of the teachers， the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【答案】B虚拟语气中,be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had 提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...,故选B在虚拟语气中,be动词只能用were；虚拟条件句省去连词if时，从 句主谓部分倒装：Were/Had/Should+主语+谓语动词…若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而 不能与 were, should, had 等缩略成 Weren't, Shouldn't, Hadn't置于句首9. 【2017天津卷】 —Do you have Betty's phone number?—Yes. Otherwise， I able to reach her yesterday.A. hadn't been B. wouldn't have been C. weren't D. wouldn't be【答案】B句意： 你有贝蒂的号码吗？ 有。

否则我昨天就联系不到她了此处otherwise(否则)相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，由yesterday可知本句对过去进行虚拟，由此可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done， 故选 B10. 【2016北京】 Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week? If you me， I could have helped.A. told B. had told C. were to tell D. would tell【答案】B根据句意，“你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到麻烦”表示与过去的虚拟，句型结构为if+主语+had done, 主语+would/could/might/should + have done,故选 B.11. 【2016 江苏】If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not been B. should not be C. were not to be D. should not have been【答案】 A 句意：要不是几天前的邀请, 我现在就不会在这儿了.本题考查错综时间的虚拟条件句；主句中 的now说明是与现在事实相反的结果；从句中the other day （几天前）说明从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条 件句中, 从句中用过去完成时12. 【2016天津】 I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn't been wearing one, I .A. were injured B. would be injured C. had been injured D. would have been injured【答案】D句意：我当时系着安全带。

如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了根据if条件句用的had done,可 知，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且I和injure是被动关系13【. 2016 浙江】 Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths since theirhighest in 2005.A. had not fallen B. would not fall C. did not fall D. would not have fallen【答案】 D 句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力, 与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高点下降 使用虚拟语气,if条件句用的had done,而且省略if,将had提前，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的 虚拟故选 D14.【 2015 北京】 If I it with my own eyes ,I wouldn't have believed it.A . didn't see B. weren't seeing C. wouldn't see D. hadn't seen【答案】D句意：如果不是我亲眼看至I」，我不会相信。

根据后半句wouldn't have believed可以判断是对过去 的虚拟所以从句是if+主语+ had +done的形式15. 【 2015 重庆】 Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A .didn't write B. hadn't written C. wouldn't write D. wouldn't have written【答案】D句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done,因此选D项名 师点睛】虚拟语气是一种动词形式, 表示说话人的一种愿望, 假设, 怀疑, 猜测建议等含义, 表示的含义不是 客观存在的事实， 此类的题目一般难度不大， 主要找对时间状语， 并且看分清时间状语与主句还是从句有关 系， 再来确定用对现在， 过去还是将来的虚拟16. 【2015天津】 I wish I at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I wason a business trip in New York then.A. will be B. would be C. have been D. had been【答案】D句意：上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼，但那时我在纽约出差。

本题考查wish引导的宾语 从句，表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句用had +过去分词根据句意可知选D17. 【2015 陕西】Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I。