高考英语一轮复习 第一讲 时态和语态课件.ppt

1一般现在时(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作和现在的状态、特征句中常用often, usually, every day等时间状语Every few years, the coal workers have their lungs Xrayed to ensure their health.(摘自2010上海高考)每隔几年，煤矿工人们都要对肺部进行X光检查，以确保身体健康Planning so far ahead makes no sense so many things will have changed by next year.(摘自2011新课标全国卷)这么早做计划没有什么意义到明年很多事情就会变了2)表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象，无论在什么情况下都用一般现在时表示What did the teacher say just now?He stressed that the earth moves around the sun.刚才老师说什么？他强调地球围绕太阳转3)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用现在时代替将来时My parents have promised to come to see me before I leave for Africa. 我父母答应在我离开去非洲之前来看望我。

4)表示按计划、时刻表规定要发生的动作，但限于少数动词如begin, come, leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close等The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wednesday and Friday.飞机每星期三、五2：30起飞2一般过去时表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示)；用于表示过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到的事Excuse me. I didnt realize I was blocking your way.(摘自2010全国卷)对不起，我原来不知道挡你的路了The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973.(摘自2010重庆高考)，自从这本书在1973年上市以来已被翻译成三十种语言You speak very good French!Thanks.I studied French in Sichuan University for four years.(摘自2009四川高考)你的法语说得真好！谢谢，我在四川大学学过四年的法语。

1(2011全国卷)If you dont like the drink you _， just leave it and try a different one.Aordered Bare orderingCwill order Dhad ordered解析：考查时态句意：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料就别喝，可以试试别的根据句意，“点饮料”的动作应发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时答案：A2(2011北京高考)Bob has gone to California.Oh, can you tell me when he _？Ahas left BleftCis leaving Dwould leave解析：考查时态根据句意可知Bob 已经去了California，因此他离开应是过去的动作，故选B答案：B3(2011重庆高考)Look at the pride on Toms face. He _to have been praised by the manager just now.Aseemed BseemsChad seemed Dis seeming解析：考查时态 句意：看Tom脸上骄傲的神情，他似乎刚才被经理表扬了。

根据第一句中的内容可知叙述的是现在的情况，此处seem表示“似乎；看起来”，是系动词，不用于进行时，因此排除D选B项 答案：B1现在完成时这是很重要的一种时态常用的时间状语有：so far, recently, lately, once/twice/three .times, before, ever, by now, in the last/past few years, over a long time, up to now, yet, already, just, since等主要用于以下几种情况：(1)表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果When you are home，give a call to let me know you have arrived safely.(摘自2010新课标全国卷)当你到家时，给我打个好让我知道你已经安全到达2)表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态 They have been good friends since they met at a meeting. 自从在一次会议上见面以来，他们就一直是好朋友 Up to now，the program has saved thousands of children who would otherwise have died.(摘自2010山东高考) 到现在为止，该项目已救助了上千名孩子，不然他们就 会死亡。

3)下列句型中常用现在完成时 It is (has been)一段时间since从句 This (That/It) is the first (second .) timethat从句 This is the first time we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.(摘自2009陕西高考) 这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作When shall we restart our business?Not until we have finished our plan.(摘自2010四川高考)什么时候我们能重新开始我们的事业？直到我们已完成我们的计划为止2过去完成时(1)过去某一时间或某一动作前已完成的动作或存在的状态 过去某一时间的动作或状态持续到过去另一时间，还可能持续下去常与for, since等构成的时间状语连用By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated from college.(摘自2011辽宁高考)到杰克从英格兰返回家园时，他的儿子已大学毕业。

We first met on a train in 2010. We both felt immediately that we had known each other for years.2010年在火车上我们初次见面我们当时就觉得我们已经认识多年了2)有些动词有时用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的希望、打算或意图这类动词常见的有：hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think等I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment.我本想去帮你的，但当时确实太忙了3)在特殊句式hardly/scarcely .when .; no sooner .than .中，主句常用过去完成时，该句式意为“一就；刚就”Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down.我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下3将来完成时将来完成时表示到将来某一时间，某一动作将会完成，常用的时间状语为“by将来的某个时间”By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students.到明年的这个时候，你们大家就都成为大学生了。

1(2011江苏高考) Tommy is planning to buy a car. I know.By next month, he _enough for a used one.Asaves BsavedCwill save Dwill have saved答案：D解析：考查动词的时态根据句中的时间状语by next month可知，到下个月，他将会积攒足够的钱，因此应用将来完成时2(2011安徽高考) I didnt ask for the name list.Why _on my desk? I put it there just now in case you needed it.Adoes it land Bhas it landed Cwill it land Dhad it landed 解析：考查时态问话人质疑的是名单为什么在自己的书桌上，此处强调的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，所以用现在完成时 答案：B3(2011四川高考) What a mistake! Yes, I _his doing it another way, but without success.Awas suggesting Bwill suggestCwould suggest Dhad suggested答案：D解析：考查时态。

这去完成时表示在过去某一动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”根据句意“愚蠢的错误！是的，我已建议他换种方式做，但没成功可知，建议这一动作发生在犯错误这个动作之前，故应用过去完成时4(2011湖南高考)It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school.Aattended Bhad attended Cam attending Dhave attended 解析：考查时态根据后面的状语从句since I came to this school 可知， 此处应用现在完成时态 句意：这是我到这个学校以来听过的最有教育意义的演讲答案：D1现在进行时表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时的一个动作；表近期特定的安排或计划；go, come等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I am doing.(摘自2011辽宁高考)我一做完手头上的活就去图书馆Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much.青少年们正在损害自己的健康，因为他们玩的电脑游戏太多了。

You are always studying in the library.Why not have a picnic this afternoon?你总是在图书馆里学习，今天下午为什么不去野餐呢？My headache is killing me, I thought it was going away, but now its getting worse and worse.我的头疼真要命我原以为头痛会消失，但是现在变得越来越厉害2过去进行时(1)过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某动作在某一阶段内发生或频繁发生I was out of town at the time, so I dont know exactly how it was happening.(摘自2009山东高考)那时我不在镇上，因此我不知道那时候究竟发生了什么事情 Have you 。