《猜词讲义及练习》.docx

阅读理解解题方法之猜测词义一、词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1. Theword"…”couldbestbereplacedby.2. Theword"…”ismostlikelytoreferto.3. Whatdoyouthinktheexpression"…”standsfor?4. Theunderlinedword"…”means.二、猜词方法：1. WordFormation构词法：掌握前后缀规律，如un-,im-,in-,dis-,il-等前缀与-less等后缀可构成反义词；后缀-ful,-ly,-ism,-ness等可改换词性而合成词要在正确理解两词的基础上，结合上下文把握两词之间的关系，猜测词义；而对词义的转化，也要求结合上下文来猜测2. Definition定义法---定语，定语从句，同位语及括号，冒号，破折号Contrast对照法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义keywords:but、while、however、otherwise、onthecontrary、neverthelessSimilarity相似法---keywords:likewise、also、or、similarlyCause&Effect因果法---keywords:because、since、for、as、to、asaresult、thusExample例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。

Keywords:forinstance、forexample、suchas等3. Context上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义4. Commonsense常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义三、练习1)Passage1EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucy(the3.2million-year-oldLucyskeleton骨骼)twice.TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,areplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom.(2012全国卷2)WhatdotheunderlinedwordsApaintingoftheskeletonC.Acopyoftheskeleton“areplica”referto?A. AphotographofLucyD.AwrittenrecordofLucyPassage2Therulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolutionhewasbanished.AfewmembersoftheSenate涉议院）opposedthisdecision,butthemajorityvotedthattherulershouldleavethecountryforever.Theunderlinedword“banished'mean.A. killedbystoningB.sentawayimprisonedD.punishedbywhippingPassage3WhenKahlo'spaintingswereonshowinLondon,apoetdescribedherpaintingsas"aribbon（丝带）aroundabomb".SuchcommentsseemtosuggestKahlohadabiginfluenceontheartworldofhertime.Sadly,sheisactuallyamuchbiggernametodaythanshewasduringhertime.（201安徽）Whatdoesthephrase“amuchbiggernam§probablymean?afarbetterartistB.afarmoregiftedartistC.amuchstrongerpersonD.amuchmorefamouspersonPassage4Afterafour-yearrelationshipwithabigcompanybeginningasasalestraineeandendingasaregionalsalesmanager,Ileftthecompanyattheheightofmycareer.ManypeoplewereastoundedthatIwouldleaveafterearningasix-figureincome.AndtheyaskedwhyIwouldriskeverythingforadream.Theunderlinedword“astoundedmeans.A.verysadB.verysorryC.verypleasedD.greatlysurprisedPassage5Bynowparamendics怠救人员）hadarrived,andwereattendingtotheinjuredwoman.Aswewalkeduptoher,mysonbecameintimidatedbyallthebloodandmedicalequipment.Hesaidhewasjusttooscaredtogouptoher.（20l4建）Theunderlinedword"intimidated"probablymeans?A.astonishedB.struckC.frightenedD.excited2）语篇训练1（2014山东）ItwasoneofthoseterriblyhotdaysinBaltimore.Needlesstosay,itwastoohottodoanythingoutside.Butitwasalsoscorchinginourapartment.Thiswas1962,andIwouldnotliveinaplacewithanairconditionerforanothertenyears.SomybrotherandIdecidedtoleavetheapartmenttofindsomeplaceindoors.Hesuggestedwecouldseeamovie.Itwasabrilliantplan.Movietheaterswereoneofthefewplacesyoucouldsitalldayand—mostimportant—sitinairconditioning.Inthosedays,youcouldbuyoneticketandsitthroughtwomovies.Then,thetheaterwouldshowthesametwomoviesagain.Ifyouwantedto,youcouldsitthroughthemtwice.Mostpeopledidnotdothat,butthemanageratourtheater.Mr.Bellowdidnotmindifyoudid.Thatparticularday,mybrotherandIsatthroughbothmoviestwice,tryingtoescapetheheat.Weboughtthreebagsofpopcornandthreesodaseach.Then,wesatandwatchedTheMusicManfollowedbyTheManWhoShotLibertyValance.We'dalreadyseenthesecondmovieoncebefore.IthadbeenatthetheatersinceJanuary,becauseMr.BellowlovedanythingwithJohnWayneinit.Weleftthetheateraround8,justbeforetheeveningshowsbegan.Butwereturnedthenextdayandsawthesametwomoviesagain,twicemore.Andwediditthenextdaytoo.Finally,onthefourthday,theheatwavebroke.Still,tothisdayIcansinghalfthesongsinTheMusicManandrecitehalfofJohnWayneandJimmyStewart'sdialoguefromTheManWhoShotLibertyValance!ThosememoriesaresomeofthefewIhaveoftheheatwaveof1962.They'rereallymemoriesofthescreen,notmemoriesofmylife.1. Inwhichyeardidtheauthorfirstliveinaplacewithanairconditioner?2. A.1952B.1962C.1972D.1982Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It”inParagraph3referto?A.TheheatB.Thetheater.3. C.TheMusicManD.TheManWhoShotLibertyValanceWhatdoweknowaboutMr.Bellow?A.Helovedchildrenverymuch.B.HewasafanofJohnWayne.C.Hesoldairconditioners.D.Hewasamoviestar.4. Whydidtheauthorandhis/herbrotherseethesamemoviesseveraltimes?A. Thetwomovieswerereallywonderful.B. Theywantedtoavoidtheheatoutside.C. Themanagerofthetheaterwasfriendly.D. Theylikedthepopcornandthesodaatthetheater.5. Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A. Theauthorturnedouttobeagreatsinger.B. Theauthorenjoyedtheheatwaveof1962.C. Theauthor'slifehasbeenchangedbythetwomovies.D. TheauthorconsiderstheexperienceatthetheaterunforgettableCassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyearshedidsomethingmorethanahobby:Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyofvegetables.Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidentsarrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehasmadeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,“ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwaslookingtoloseafewpounds,。