classicworks.pdf

《西方经典：伟大作家与不朽作品》 （哈罗德·布鲁姆） The Western Canon by Harold Bloom (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994)A. The Theocratic Age: 2000 BCE-1321 CE 神权时代：公元前2000 – 公元 1321 B. The Aristocratic Age: 1321-1832 贵族时代：公元1321 - 公元 1832 C. The Democratic Age: 1832-1900 民主时代：公元1832 – 公元 1900 D. The Chaotic Age: 20th Century 混乱时代： 20 世纪“Since the literary canon is at issue here, I include only those religious, philosophical, historical, and scientific writings that are themselves of great aesthetic interest. I would think that, of all the books that are in this first list, once the reader is conversant with the Bible, Homer, Plato, the Athenian dramatists, and Virgil, the crucial work is the Koran.... “I have included some Sanskrit works, scriptures and fundamental literary texts, because of their influence on the Western canon. The immense wealth of ancient Chinese literature is mostly a sphere apart from Western literary tradition and is rarely conveyed adequately in the translations available to us.“ (Bloom, p. 531) The Ancient Near East古代近东 ? Gilgamesh 吉尔迦美什? Egyptian Book of the Dead 埃及亡灵书 ? Holy Bible (King James Version) 圣经(钦定本 ) ? The Apocrypha 次经? Sayings of the Fathers (Pirke Aboth) 先贤集Ancient India (Sanskrit) 古代印度 ? Mahabharata 摩诃婆罗多? Bhagavad-Gita 薄迦梵歌? Ramayana 罗摩衍那The Ancient Greeks 古代希腊? Homer 荷马Iliad 伊里亚特 Odyssey 奥德赛? Hesiod 赫西俄德Works and Days 工作与时日Theogony 神谱 ? Archilochos, Sappho, Alkman 阿尔基洛科斯 , 萨福, 阿尔克曼? Pindar 品达Odes 颂诗 ? Aeschylus 埃斯库罗斯Oresteia 俄瑞斯忒亚Seven Against Thebes七将攻忒拜 Prometheus Bound被缚的普罗米修斯Persians波斯人Suppliant Women 祈援人? Sophocles 索福克勒斯Oedipus the King 俄狄浦斯王Oedipus at Colonus 俄狄浦斯在科洛诺斯Antigone 安提戈涅Electra 厄勒克特拉Ajax 埃阿斯Women of Trachis 特拉克斯的女人们Philoctetes 菲罗克忒忒斯 ? Euripides 欧里庇得斯Cyclops 独眼巨人Heracles 赫拉克勒斯 Alcestis 阿尔刻提斯Hecuba 赫古巴Bacchae 酒神的伴侣Orestes 俄瑞斯忒斯Andromache 安德洛玛克Medea 美狄亚Ion 伊翁 Hippolytus 希波吕托斯Helen 海伦Iphigenia at Aulis 伊菲革涅亚在奥里斯 ? Aristophanes 阿里斯托芬The Birds 鸟The Clouds 云The Frogs 蛙Lysistrata 吕西斯特拉忒The Knights 骑士The Wasps 马蜂 The Assemblywomen 公民妇女大会The Peace ? Herodotus 希罗多德The Histories 历史? Thucydides 修昔底德The Peloponnesian Wars 伯罗奔尼撒战争史? The Pre-Socratics (Heraclitus, Empedocles) 前苏格拉底学派 (赫拉克利特，恩培多克勒) ? Plato 柏拉图Dialogues 对话录? Aristotle 亚里士多德Poetics 诗学Ethics 伦理学Hellenistic Greeks 希腊化时期 ? Menander 米南德The Girl from Samos 萨默斯女子 ? “Longinus“ “朗吉努斯”On the Sublime 论崇高 ? Callimachus 卡利马库斯Hymns and Epigrams 颂歌与铭辞集 ? Theocritus 忒奥克里托斯Idylls 田园诗集 ? Plutarch 普鲁塔克Lives 希腊罗马名人传Moralia 道德论集 ? “Aesop“伊索Fables 伊索寓言 ? Lucian 琉善（ 路吉阿诺斯）Satires 讽刺集True Histories 真实的故事The Romans 古罗马 ? Plautus 普劳图斯Pseudolus 说谎者The Braggart Soldier 吹牛的士兵The Rope 绳子 Amphitryon 安菲特律翁? Terence 泰伦斯The Girl from Andros 安德罗斯女子 The Eunuch 阉奴The Mother-in-Law 婆母 ? Lucretius 卢克莱修The Way Things Are 物性论 ? Cicero 西塞罗On the Gods ? Horace 贺拉斯Odes 歌集Epistles 书札Satires 讽刺诗集 ? Persius 佩尔西乌斯Satires 讽刺诗集 ? Catullus 卡图卢斯Attis and Other Poems 阿提斯及其他诗歌 ? Virgil 维吉尔Aeneid 埃涅阿斯Eclogues 牧歌 Georgics 农事诗? Lucan 卢坎Pharsalia 内战记 ? Ovid 奥维德Metamorphoses 变形记The Art of Love 爱的艺术Heroides 情书 ? Juvenal 玉外纳Satires 讽刺诗集 ? Martial 马提雅尔Epigrams 铭词集 ? Seneca 塞内加Tragedies, particularly Medea and Hercules Furens 悲剧集，尤其是美狄亚和 发疯的赫拉克勒斯 ? Petronius 佩特罗尼乌斯Satyricon 萨蒂里孔 ? Apuleius 阿普列尤斯The Golden Ass 金驴记The Middle Ages: Latin, Arabic, and the Vernacular Before Dante（中世纪：但 丁之前的拉丁语、阿拉伯语及方言作品） ? Saint Augustine 圣奥古斯丁City of God 上帝之城Confessions 忏悔录 ? The Koran (Al-Qur'an) 古兰经? The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night 一千零一夜? The Poetic Edda 诗体埃达 ? Snorri Sturluson 斯诺里?斯图鲁松The Prose Edda 散文埃达 ? The Nibelungen Lied 尼伯龙根之歌? Wolfram von Eschenbach 沃尔夫拉姆 ?封?埃申巴赫Parzival 帕西法尔 ? Chré tien de Troyes 克雷蒂安 ?德?特罗亚Yvain: The Knight of the Lion伊文或猎狮骑士 ? Beowulf 贝奥武甫? The Poem of the Cid 熙德之歌? Christine de Pisan 克里斯蒂娜 ?德?皮桑The Book of the City of Ladies 女性之城? Diego de San Pedro 迭戈?德?圣佩德罗Prison of Love 爱之牢笼B. The Aristocratic Age 贵族时代“It is a span of five hundred years from Dante's Divine Comedy through Goethe's Faust, Part Two [1321-1832], an era that gives us a huge body of reading in five major literatures: Italian, Spanish, English, French, and German. In this and in the remaining lists, I sometimes do not mention individual works by a canonical master, and in other instances I attempt to call attention to authors and books that I consider canonical but rather neglected. From this list onward, many good writers who are not quite central are omitted....“ (Bloom, p. 534) Italy 意大利 ? Dante 但丁The Divine Comedy 神曲The New Life 新生 ? Petrarch 彼特拉克Lyric Poems 歌集Selections 选集? Giovanni Boccaccio 薄迦丘The Decameron 十日谈? Matteo Maria Boiardo 博亚尔多Orlando Innamorato 热恋的罗兰 ? Ludovico Ariosto 阿里奥斯托Orlando Furioso 疯狂的奥兰多 ? Michelangelo Buonarroti 米开朗琪罗Sonnets and Madrigals 诗集 ? Niccol òMachiavelli 马基雅维利The Prince 君主论The Mandrake, a Comedy 曼陀罗花 ? Leonardo da Vinci 达芬奇Notebooks 笔记 ? Baldassare Castiglione 卡斯蒂廖内The Book of the Courtier 侍臣论? Gaspara Stampa迦丝芭拉 ?丝塔姆芭Sonnets and Madrigals 十四行诗与情诗 ? Giorgio Vasari 瓦萨里Lives of the Painters 艺苑名人传 / 著名画家、雕塑家、建筑家传 ? Benvenuto Cellini 切里尼Autobiography 自传 ? T。