【看纪录片学单词】之《监守自盗》.doc

看纪录片学单词】之《监守自盗》新东方 许泽传 2014.04作品简介：2008 年的经济危机使无数人倾家荡产，该片讲述了其发生的原因通过详尽的资料搜集，追访全球顶级银行家、金融分析师、大学教授，甚至新加坡、中国、法国的政府官员，揭露了金融行业、学术界的贪污腐败以及政府政策背后的惊人真相该片获得了第 83 届奥斯卡最佳纪录片奖，第 76 届纽约影评人协会最佳纪录片奖影片长度：105 分钟词汇统计：★ 四级词汇： 159 个★★ 六级词汇：70 个★★★ 雅思、托福及以上词汇：62 个学习指南：以下单词均出自影片台词，前面标一星的为四级词汇，二星的为六级词汇，三星的为雅思、托福及以上词汇大家根据自己的考试要求选择性学习 【看纪录片学单词】可分三步进行，第一步：把影片完整看一遍，可看中文字幕，了解影片内容第二步：看一小段，然后对照下面的单词进行学习学完以后进行第三步，即再次把影片从头到尾看一遍，重温重点词汇和好的口语表达以及背景知识，最后还需反复浏览以下这些词句（可以打印出来，或者存） 观看：http://v.pps.tv/play_3CUV6X.html 下载地址： ★ democracy n.民主国家Iceland is a stable democracy with a high standard of living,and until recently, extremely low unemployment and government debt. 冰岛是个高生活水准 稳定的民主国家，直到最近，失业率和政府公债都还很低。

★ infrastructure n.基础设施★★★ fishery n.渔业★★ quota n.限额，定额We had the complete infrastructure of a modern society. Clean energy, food production. Fisheries with a quota system to manage them. 我们有现代社会完整的基础建设，洁净能源，粮食生产，以及定额管理的渔业★★ deregulation n.解除管制★ consequence n.后果★★ multinational corporation 跨国公司★ aluminum n.铝★ exploit vt.开发★★★ geothermal a.地热的★★★ hydroelectric a.水力发电的But in 2000, Iceland's government began a broad policy of deregulation, that would have disastrous consequences, first for the environment and then for the economy. They started by allowing multinational corporations like Alcoa to build giant aluminum-smelting plants and exploit Iceland's geothermal and hydroelectric energy sources. 但在 2000 年，冰岛政府展开广泛的经济放宽政策，造成灾难性的后果，先后冲击环境与经济。

他们先是准许美铝公司这样的跨国企业建造大型炼铝厂，并开发冰岛的地热和水力发电资源★★★ privatize vt.使私人化At the same time the government privatized Iceland's three largest banks. The result was one of the purest experiments in financial deregulation ever conducted. 同时，政府让冰岛三大银行民营化，导致解除金融管制史上，最纯粹的实验之一★ massive a.巨大的★ bubble n.泡沫There was a massive bubble. Stock prices went up by a factor of nine. House prices more than doubled.这造成巨大的泡沫，股票价格上涨了 9 个百分点，房价上涨近一倍★ deposit n.存款★ withdraw vt.取出The banks set up money market funds and the banks advised deposit-holders to withdraw money and put them in the money market funds. The Ponzi scheme needed everything it could. 银行成立货币市场基金，建议存户把钱提出来，放到货币市场基金里，就像庞氏骗局（类似传销的一种诈骗手段）四处搜刮钱财。

★ collapse vi.崩溃★★ triple v.翻三倍When Iceland's banks collapsed at the end of 2008 unemployment tripled in six months. 到 2008 年底冰岛银行业崩溃时，失业率在 6 个月内翻了三倍★ excessive a.过度的-- What do you think of Wall Street incomes these days? 你对今天华尔街的收入有什么看法？-- Excessive. 有些过度了★★ breach n.违背We deeply regret our breaches of U.S. law.我们深感遗憾违反了美国法律★★ default v.违约★★ swap n.交换l didn't know what credit default swaps are. l'm a little bit old-fashioned.我不知道什么是信用违约交换，我有点跟不上潮流了★★★ remorse n.自责，懊悔★★★ confession n.承认-- Has Larry Summers ever expressed remorse? 赖瑞桑默斯可曾表示自责？-- l don't hear confessions. 我没听他说过。

★★ anonymous a.匿名的l was getting a lot of anonymous e-mails from bankers saying: “You can't quote me, but l'm really concerned.” 我收到很多银行家的 匿名电子邮件说:“你不能引用我的话，但我真的很担心”★★ bankruptcy n.破产★ investment n.投资★ collapse vi.崩溃★ insurance company 保险公司★★ trigger v.引发In September 2008 the bankruptcy of the U.S. investment bank Lehman Brothers and the collapse of the world's largest insurance company, AIG triggered a global crisis. 2008 年，美国投资银行雷曼兄弟的破产，以及全球最大保险公司 AIG 的倒闭，引爆了全球金融危机★★ tumble v.暴跌★★★ aftermath n.后果★ collapse n.崩溃Share prices continued to tumble in the aftermath of the Lehman collapse. 雷曼倒闭余波荡漾，股价持续下跌。

★ recession n.衰退★ render v.使得★ national debt 国债The result was a global recession which cost the world tens of trillions of dollars rendered 30 million people unemployed and doubled the national debt of the United States. 结果造成全球经济衰退，全球损失几十兆美金三千万人失业，美国国债加倍Part Ⅰ : How We Got Here 第一部分：怎么搞成这样的★ depression n.大萧条★ financial crisis 金融危机After the Great Depression the United States had 40 years of economic growth without a single financial crisis. 经济大萧条之后，美国经济迎来了连续四十年的增长，没有发生过一次金融危机★ prohibit vt.禁止★★★ speculate vi.做投机买卖The financial industry was tightly regulated. Most regular banks were local businesses and they were prohibited from speculating with depositors' savings. 金融业受到严格监管,大部份的一般银行是做本地业务。

禁止拿储户的存款做投机买卖★ approximately ad.大约★ personnel n.职员Morgan Stanley, in 1972 had approximately 110 total personnel one office, and capital of 1 2 million dollars. 摩根史坦利在 1972 年总共有将近 110 名员工，一间办公室，资本额一千两百万美金★ investment bank 投资银行★ go public 上市★★ stockholder n.股东In the 1 980s, the financial industry exploded. The investment banks went public, giving them huge amounts of stockholder money. People on Wall Street started getting rich. 1980 年代，金融业大爆炸，投资银行上市，让他们取得巨额的股东资金，华尔街人开始发财★ restore vt.恢复★ prosperity n.繁荣The highest order of business before the nation is to restore our economic prosperity. 国内目前首要之务就是恢复我们的经济繁荣。

★ appoint vt.任命★★★ the Federal Reserve 美国联邦储备系统As for Alan Greenspan, president Reagan appointed him chairman of America's central bank the Federal Reserve. Greenspan was reappointed by presidents Clinton and George W. Bush. 至于艾伦葛林斯潘，里根总统任命他。