美国黄石公园ppt课件.ppt

美国黄石公园李菊容201230301164About American Yellow Stone National Park1)Introduction Yellowstone National Park is one of the earths most famous places. It is located in Wyoming, Montanan, and Idaho. (western state of Wyoming). Established in 1872 as the worlds first national park, it has preserved remarkable natural wonders like Old Faithful Geyser(老忠实间歇泉老忠实间歇泉) and cultural icons such as Old Faithful Inn. （A geyser is an intermittently eruptive hot spring; people fled from the erupting volcano.） For centuries, it was home to the Shoshone, Crow, Bannock, Blackfeet, and other Indian tribes, but these groups were banished in the 1870s by park promoters who feared that tourists would not visit if American Indians lived there. It is also home to a large variety of wildlife including grizzly bears, wolves, bison, and elk. The park is one of the most unusual places in the world. An ancient and extremely violent volcano created the great beauty of Yellowstone. Today, visitors still can see extremely hot water shoot out of the ground in several hundred places. Small lakes contain water that is so hot it is dangerous to come too close. There are rocks that were once liquid and have cooled into stranger shape. View the colorful Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone, and enjoy beauty of Yellowstone Lake. Travelers can go hiking, camping, and fishing. Almost immediately after its establishment, Yellowstone became the primary destination for tourist travel to the American West following the Civil War. By 1900, it was a vast tourist success, and today it is both a world biosphere preserve and a world naturalheritage site in 1978. 简介黄石国家公园(Yellowstone National Park)，是世界上第一座认证国家公园，也是世界上最壮观的国家公园之一。

地跨美国中部怀俄明州(Wyoming)，蒙大拿州(Montana)，爱达荷州(Idaho)三个州，约八千平方公里的环形山盆地黄石公园内地貌丰富，气候多变，需要备好冬夏两季的衣服，上坡上白雪皑皑，间歇泉附近热气腾腾，在园内的公路上行驶，常看到这边阳光普照，尽头乌云密布不容错过的景点有气势宏伟的老忠实间歇泉(Old Faithful Geyser)，五彩斑斓的大棱镜(Grand Prismatic Spring)，宁静的黄石湖(Yellowstone Lake)，奔流直下的黄石瀑布，壮丽的黄石大峡谷(Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone)，美丽的 巨象温泉(Mammoth Hot Spring，亦译-猛犸象温泉)此外，作为全美最大的野生动物保护区，黄石公园居住着大量的野生动物，在黄石公园见到最多的是成群的美洲野牛，时常还能看到麋鹿和羚羊您甚至有机会看到驯鹿用那坚实的大角争斗，小黑熊在草原上嬉戏，时不时能看见老鹰从天空中展翅飞过园内森林茂密，是世界上最成功的野生动物保护区，有时在公园的深处或道路上会发现灰熊或黑熊的踪迹园内设有历史古迹博物馆，还有数以千计的温泉，这些温泉碧波荡漾，水雾缭绕，上百个间歇泉喷射着沸腾的水柱。

黄石公园大棱镜泉，被誉为“地球上最美丽的表面”黄石公园发现于黄石公园发现于18071807年秋天，根据年秋天，根据18721872年年3 3月月1 1日的美国国会法案，黄石国家公园日的美国国会法案，黄石国家公园“为为了人民的利益被批准成为公众的公园及娱了人民的利益被批准成为公众的公园及娱乐场所乐场所”，同时也是，同时也是“为了使她所有的树为了使她所有的树木，矿石的沉积物，自然奇观和风景，以木，矿石的沉积物，自然奇观和风景，以及其他景物都保持现有的自然状态而免于及其他景物都保持现有的自然状态而免于破坏破坏”，被正式命名为保护野生动物和自，被正式命名为保护野生动物和自然资源的国家公园，这是世界上第一个、然资源的国家公园，这是世界上第一个、也是目前最大的国家公园也是目前最大的国家公园back地热景观黄石国家公园自然景观分为五大区，即玛默区、罗斯福区、峡谷区、间歇泉区和湖泊区五个景区各具特色，但有个共同的特色地热奇观黄石国家公园内有温泉3000处，其中间歇泉300处，许多喷水高度超过100英尺，“狮群喷泉”由4个喷泉组成，水柱喷出前发出像狮吼的声音，接着水柱射向空中；“蓝宝石喷泉”水色碧蓝；最著名的“老忠实泉”因很有规律地喷水而得名。

从它被发现到21世纪的100多年间，每隔3393分钟喷发一次，每次喷发持续四五分钟，水柱高40多米，从不间断园内道路总长500多英里，小径总长1000多英里，黄石湖、肖肖尼湖、斯内克河和黄石河分布其间公园四周被卡斯特、肖肖尼、蒂顿、塔伊，比佛黑德和加拉廷国有森林环绕黄石公园它那由水与火锤炼而成的大地原始景观被人们称为“地球表面上最精彩、最壮观的美景”，描述成“已超乎人类艺术所能达到的极限” Old Faithful Geyser is not the biggest or the most beautiful geyser. But it is the most popular. Visitors gather around Old Faithful before each eruption. Experts at the park are able to predict when these will happen. The average time between eruptions is about ninety minutes. Old Faithful shoots water an average of forty meters into the air. This eruption lasts between two and five minutes. Old Faithful releases up to about thirty thousand liters of water into the air each time.backbackbackbackElkbackBison/buffalobackbackbackGrizzly bears Grand Prismatic Spring，大棱镜泉大棱镜泉, 又称大虹彩温泉又称大虹彩温泉 Morning Glory Pool牵牛花温泉牵牛花温泉Morning Glory Pool Morning Glory Pool was named in the 1880s for its remarkable likeness to its namesake flower. It is the most beautiful spring of Yellowstone National Park. However, this beautiful pool has fallen victim to vandalism(肆意破坏公物等德行肆意破坏公物等德行). People have thrown literally tons of coins, trash, rocks, and logs into the pool. Much of the debris（残骸）（残骸）subsequently became embedded in（牢牢地嵌入）（牢牢地嵌入） the sides and vent(孔、口）孔、口）of the spring, affecting water circulation and accelerating the loss of thermal energy. Through the years Morning Glorys appearance has changed as its temperature dropped. Orange and yellow bacteria that formerly colored only the periphery of the spring now spread toward its center. Morning Glory Pool 黄石国家公园中最美的温泉。

美国著名的黄石公园有数黄石国家公园中最美的温泉美国著名的黄石公园有数以千计的温泉，这些温泉碧波荡漾，水雾缭绕；上百个间歇泉喷射着沸腾的水柱以千计的温泉，这些温泉碧波荡漾，水雾缭绕；上百个间歇泉喷射着沸腾的水柱而在这些温泉中最漂亮的要数而在这些温泉中最漂亮的要数Morning Glory Pool属于热泉，它的温度通常比属于热泉，它的温度通常比间歇泉低得多，所以其中可以繁衍出丰富的藻类间歇泉低得多，所以其中可以繁衍出丰富的藻类.Morning Glory Pool最大的特点最大的特点是：它们的颜色随着水温的变化而不同温泉水温在是：它们的颜色随着水温的变化而不同温泉水温在85时，泉内藻类为白色；时，泉内藻类为白色；82时为肉红色；时为肉红色；74时浅黄色；时浅黄色；68时为黄绿色黄石公园早期开放时，游人时为黄绿色黄石公园早期开放时，游人往往Morning Glory Pool里扔石块、硬币导致里扔石块、硬币导致Morning Glory Pool泉的泉眼出现堵泉的泉眼出现堵塞，水温逐渐降低后，池子慢慢失去以前的风采这引起了公园管理部门的注意塞，水温逐渐降低后，池子慢慢失去以前的风采这引起了公园管理部门的注意。

如今黄石公园加强了对如今黄石公园加强了对Morning Glory Pool的保护工作黄石国家公园有众多泉的保护工作黄石国家公园有众多泉是因为该地区地下有许多高温的熔岩，这些熔岩把地下水加热以至煮沸，泉水从是因为该地区地下有许多高温的熔岩，这些熔岩把地下水加热以至煮沸，泉水从地表裂缝流出、渗。