过去式的概念.docx

过去式的概念：表示过去的发生动作或过去存在的某种状态构成表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过 去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的动词的过去式可分为规则动词和 不规则动词规则动词的过去式变化如下：（1） 一般情况下，动词词尾加 ed，如：work —worked ； play — played ； want — wanted ； act — acted（2） 以不发音的e结尾动词，动词词尾加d，如：live—lived ； move —moved ； decide —decided ； decline — declined ； hope — hoped ；（3） 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加ed，如： studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied（4） 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再 加ed，如:stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped（5） 注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

go - went，make - made，get - got，buy - bought ，come - came， fly-flew，is/am-was，are-were ，see-saw，bring-brought，do-did， teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent, eat-ate,give-gave,sit-sat,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-f ound,hear-heard,know-knew,put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,come-came,become-became ,swim-swam，sweep — swept，sing—sang，draw—drew，以上的（1）至（4）条中的发音均有改变，具体分别有/d/ /t/ /id/ 而不规则动词的过去式的发音则略有不同，但是有些还是按照一定规律变化的如以上的：make - made，get - got，buy - bought，come - came ， fly-flew ， bring-brought ， teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent,give-gave,tell-told,write-wrote,feel-felt,find-found ,hear-heard,know-knew,put-put,grow-grew,take-took,catch-caught,c ome-came,become-became,swim-swam ，sweep—swept，sing—sang， draw—drew。

仔细看一看，能发现它们的一些变化规律，也就是说不需要死记硬背 这些过去式，知道了原型和变化规律，就可以写出来了有的变化部分读 音也是有规律的分类记忆是对学习过去式很有帮助的！ 结构【过去时态结构基本形式】1、 主语+动词过去式+其他；2、 否定形式©wasn't/weren't②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他一般过去式的构成形式：☆Be动词的过去式：(1) 肯定句：主语+ be动词的过去式(was, were )例：He was ill yesterday. She was nine two years ago.They were my students long long ago.(2) 否定句：主语+ be动词的过去式(was, were ) + not例：He was not ill yesterday.She was not nine two years ago.They were not my students long long ago.(3) 一般疑问句：直接把be动词提到句首例：Was he ill yesterday?肯定回答：Yes, he was.否定回答： No, he wasn't.Was she nine two years ago? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't.Were they your students long long ago? Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.☆实意动词的过去式：(1) 肯定句：主语+动词的过去式例：He played football last week.She watched TV last night.(2) 否定句：主语+ did not +动词原形例：He did not play football last week.She didn’t watch TV last night.(3) 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形 例：Did he play football last week?回答：Yes, he did. / No, he didn't.Did she watch TV last night?回答：Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.时间标志 ：yesterday （昨天），last weekend （上周），last month （上个月），last year （去年），two months ago （两个月前），the day before yesterday （前天），in 1990 （在 1990 年）,in those days （在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语。

如：I was born in 1990.（我出生在 1990 年）When did you go to the park? （你是什么时候去的公园）I went to the park last weekend. （我是上周去的公园）在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态； 第二句和第三句属于实义动词go的一般过去时态。