最全的英语音标规则与技巧.doc

1爆破音 6 [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]摩擦音 8 [f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð] [ʃ] [ʒ]破擦音 6 [tʃ] [dʒ] [ts] [dz] [tr] [dr]声门音 [h] 舌侧音 [ǀ] 卷舌音 [r]半元音 2 [w] [j] 鼻音 3 [m] [n] [ŋ]清辅音 10 [p] [t] [k] [f] [θ] [s] [ʃ] [tʃ] [ts] [tr]浊辅音 10 [b] [d] [g] [v] [ð] [z] [ʒ] [dʒ] [dz] [dr]2.重读音节A）单音节词都重读B)双音节词：a)一般在第一个音节重读 b)有前缀的词，第二个音节是重音c)一般名词的重音在第一个音节上，其它的词性在第二个音节上 C)多音节词：一般倒数第三个音节是重音3.开闭音节重读音节可以分为开音节和闭音节，开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节相对开音节：以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的 e 结尾的音节绝对开音节：以发音的元音字母结尾的音节 （发字母本身音）闭音节：以元音字母加一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾的音节。

前元音 4 [i:] [ɪ] [e] [æ]中元音 3 [ɜ:] [ə] [ʌ]后元音 5 [ɔ:] [ɒ] [u:] [ʊ] [a:]短元音 7 [Λ] [ɒ] [ə] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ]单元音12长元音 5 [ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɜ:] [i:] [u:]合口双元音 5 [eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [əʊ] [aʊ]双元音8 集中双元音 3 [ɪə] [eə] [ʊə]2重读闭音节结尾且词尾只有一个辅音字母的单词改变时态时要双写如： sit---sitting begin---beginning put---putting swim---swimming4.音节的划分划分音节的方法：元音是构成音节的主体，辅音是音节的分界线两辅音之间不管有多少个元音，一般都是一个音节1）头、中、尾音节：（头尾都不缺） cat, fat, hot, dog, flag, match, cut2）中、尾音节：（缺头） at, am, of, old, egg, art, aid, eight 3）头、中音节：（缺尾） he, me, go, so, she, far, door, sea, 4）单中音节：（头尾都缺） I, a, o, or, ear, are先找元音去尾 e，一个元音一音节。

元音相连听音定，加上头尾是整体一靠后，二分手，多个中间偏左右， 组合字母算一个，常见组合要遵守词尾看 e 加音节，发音不发分两种， 双字相连不连手，听音验证最后头5.辅音字母在单词中不发音的规则1、字母 b 在字母 t 之前， 如：debt [det] （欠债）2、字母 g 在字母 n 之前， 如：sign [sain] （标记）3、字母 gh 在 t 之前， 如：fight [fait] （打架）4、字母 k 在字母 n 之前， 如：knee [ni:] （膝）5、字母 b 在字母 m 之后， 如：comb [kəum] （梳子）6、字母 c 在字母 s 之后， 如：muscle ['mʌsl] （肌肉）7、字母 h 在 r 之后， 如：rhythm ['riðəm]（节奏）8、字母 h 在词首 ex-之后， 如：exhibition [eksi'bʃin]（展览会）9、字母 d 在词尾 dge 中， 如：bridge [bridʒ] （桥）10、字母 h 在词首 gh 中， 如：ghost [gəust] （鬼）11、字母 l 在 ould 中， 如： could [kud] （能）12、字母 t 在词尾 ften 中， 如： soften ['sɒfn]（缓和）6.元音字母在重读音节中的一般读音开音节中 [ei] name plane baby cakea闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black backe 开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese3闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kitei闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim开音节中 [əu] those close go hoe home noo闭音节中 [ɒ] clock not box shop sock[ju:]student excuse duty Tuesday开音节中j r l s 后 [u:] June blue ruler superu闭音节中 [ʌ] bus cup jump much lunch7.元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音[w]音后面 [ɒ] want what watch wash qualityaf n sk ph sp ss st th 前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri nd ld gh 前 [ai] find child light highst ld 前 [əu] most postcard old coldom n v th 前 [ʌ] come monkey love mother8.元音字母在非重读音节中的读音[ə] china another breakfast [ə] second tonight somebodya[i] orange village cabbageo[əu] also zero photo[ə] hundred open [ə] autumn difficulte[i] chicken pocket begin u[ju:] popular congratulation January[ə]/[i] holiday beautiful family animali[ai] exercise satellite9. r 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音ar [α:] car farm dark sharpener [w]音后 [ɔ:] warm quarter towardsor [ɔ:] forty morning short [w]音后 [ə:] word worker worseer ir ur [ə:] certainly bird Thursday10.re 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音4are [eə] care dare hare ere [iə] here mereire [aiə] fire hire wire ore [ɔ:]ure [juə] pure cure11.元音字组在重读音节中的读音ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play [iə] hear dear near clear year[ei] eight neighbour they [εə] bear pear wear swearei/ey[i:] either keyear[ə:] earth learn earlyoi/oy [ɔɪ] noise point boy toilet oar/oor [ɔ:] roar board door floorau/aw [ɔ:] autumn daughter draw [ɔ:] course your four[ju:] new few newspaper [auə] our hour ourseu/ew[u:] j r l s 后 flew brew jewelryour[ə:] journey[au] flower house count down [i:] teach easy cheap please[əu] know row throw though [e] heavy bread sweater weather[ʌ] young country enoughea[ei] break greatou/ow[u:] group you soup oa [əu] coat boat goal[u:] broom food tooth school air [eə] air hair chair pair repairoo[u] book look cook foot good [ɔ:] small ball talk wall allee [i:] jeep week green threeal[a:] f m 前 half calmeer [iə] pioneer deer beer [jui] fluid suicide tuitionie [i:] piece field ui[u:] j l r s 后 juice fruit suit12.非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音通常读[ə]音或[i]，如 neighbor serious famous biscuit coffee Sunday foreign monkeyow [əu] yellow sparrow tomorrowimpression 元音字母后 [ʒn] vision decision occasionsiontion[ʃn]nation s 后 [tʃən] question suggestionsten [sn] listen sure [ʃə] pleasure measure5stle [sl] whistle ture [tʃə] picture culture13.辅音字组的读音[b] bike bus bag ck [k] cock pocket black knockb[/] bomb tomb dge [ʒ] bridge fridge[k] cake picture coat music [tʃ] much chick rich teacherce i y 前 [s] face decide cinema [k] school headache chemistry[g] bag garden goch[ʃ] machinege i y 前 [ʒ] orange large German dr- [dr] children driver drink[h] hot head house hand [g] guess league dialogueh[/] hour honestgugue 非重读中 [gw]language anguishj [dʒ] jeep jar joke join July [f] cough enough[n] not shine ten notegh[/] light daughter highnk g 前 [ʌ] uncle thank hungry kn [n] knife know knockq [k] Iraq mn [m] autumn column solemn词首、清辅音前 [s] sleep desk ng [ŋ] morning young wrongs元音字母间、浊音前 [z] music husband ph。