牛津译林英语九年级上册定语从句专题梳理(习题含答案).docx

牛津译林九年级上册定语从句专题梳理【知识梳理】一、 概念： 修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句(Attributive Clause),起形容词作用,也称为形容词性从句.被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟先行词.定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词引导,关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分,并在含义上替代先行词.The man is may cousin.He came to see me this morning.替换:The man who came to see me this morning is my cousin. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句关系代词who在定语从句中做主语,不可省略. The man （who lives next to us ）sells vegetable. You must do everything （that I can do）. 二、要点 ：跟定语从句相关的最关键的最两个词： ① 先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词② 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系代词:who/whom (指代人), which（指代物),that（指代人/物）as, whose等关系词的分类:关系副词:when （指代时间），where (指代地点)，why (指代原因) 引导定语从句关系词的功能 : 代替先行词 在定语从句中担当一个句法成分I. 关系代词that, which, who(whom)引导的定语从句【知识梳理】1.指人的关系代词: who / whom / that 先行词在从句中作主语 ：A doctor is a person who / that looks after people’s health.先行词在从句中作宾语 ：Mr White invited many friends to his party (who / whom / that) he respected much.关系代词前有介词：Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.2.指物的关系代词: which / that先行词在从句中作主语：The river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.先行词在从句中作宾语：The book (which / that) you just laid on the shelf is mine.关系代词前有介词： Here is the money with which I will buy a piano.总结：⑴关系代词中在从句中充当主语的是which、that、who且在句中不可以省略。

⑵关系代词中在从句中充当宾语的是which、that、who、whom且可以省略 ⑶当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用 whom， 指物只能用which ⑷which 只能指物，who\whom 只能指人，that既可指人又可指物3.表示所有格：whose (既表示人的所有也表示物的所有)表示人的所有： The girl whose father is a model worker is our monitor.表示物的所有： I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.★the + 名词+of + whom (which) 的结构= whose + 名词，下面三句意思相同，例如： 1. The river whose banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.2. The river of which the banks are covered with trees flows to the sea. 3. The river the banks of which are covered with trees flows to the sea.1） There are twenty students, whose backgrounds are different.2） There are twenty students, the backgrounds of whom are different.3） There are twenty students, of whom the backgrounds are different.活学活用：The classroom whose door is broken will be repaired soon.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________记住下列表格关系代词指人指物主格who、thatthat、which宾格whom 、who、thatthat、which所有格of whom 、whoseof which、whoseII. 关系副词where when why引导的定语从句【知识梳理】Do you remember the teahouse where we used to play chess? (where=at which) There was a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema. (when=during which) The days are gone when he was an ignorant boy. (when=in which) They didn’t explain the reason why they had canceled the rehearsal. (why=for which) （定语从句中关系副词可以换成介词 + 关系代词）注意：有些先行词后面既可以用关系代词，也可以用关系副词。

判断的重点在于分析先行词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分 以the city 为例(1) This is the city that/which I visited last year. 分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I visited the city last year. visit：vt.，the city充当的成分：宾语(2) This is the city where I lived last year.分析：主句：This is the city. 从句：I lived in the city last year. live：vi.，the city 充当的成分：状语，表地点易错考点梳理I. 关系代词只能用that，而不能用which的情况：1) 当先行词被为不定代词如：There is nothing (that) I can say about it.2）先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时如：This is the best basketball match that I have ever seen.3）先行词被the only 或the very修饰时。

如：The only thing that we can do is to ask our teachers’ help. Is this the very museum that you visited the other day?4) 先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时如：The first English film that I saw was “Oliver Twist”.When foreigners talk about China, the first that comes to mind is the Great Wall.5）被修饰的先行词被any, all, much, no, little, few等修饰时如：I am interested in all that you have told me. There isn’t much that I can do.He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes.6）先行词既包含人又包含物时例如：They talked about the factories and workers that they had visited.7）先行词是疑问代词时。

如：Which is the book that he bought yesterday?Who that you have ever seen can beat him in the game?8）先行词在逻辑上充当定语从句的表语时如：This is no longer the place that it used to be.He is not the man that he was.II. 关系代词只能用which不用that 的情况1. 引导非限制性定语从句时,例如:She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart to her mouth.2. 当关系代词做介词宾语时,例如:He wrote a book in which he could learn about his life.在上一例句中,引导词 “which”作了介词 “in”的宾语,所以不可以用 “that”代替.【例题精讲】用适当的关系代词和关系副词填空1) The house ____________ lies in the back of our classroom is the teachers’ office.2) The house___________ door faces north is our teachers’ office.3) I always remember the days __________are my family’s birthday.4) I always remember the days __________I lived with my grandparents.Keys: 1)which/that 2) whose 3) which/that 4) when 1) Xiamen ____________we live in is a beautiful city.2) Xiamen _____________ many foreigners come to visit is a beautiful city.3) This is the reason______________ caused me late for school today.4) I quite agree with the reason____。