高考英语二轮复习考点练习考点31阅读理解推理判断题 (含解析).doc

考点31 阅读理解推理判断题高考频度：★★★★★题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论关键是：意思要靠推断得出，而不是原文照搬这就要把握住文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及其写作该文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意词汇在词典的定义和词典以外的含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，挖出文章的伏笔，得出正确的推论这种问题的提问方式通常有：1.From paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred from the passage? / From the last paragraph we can infer that .2.We can infer from the text that…/ What can we learn from…? / We can conclude from thepassage that…3.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that.4.The author implies that by the year 2080, .5.To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should.6.The author mentions the fact that…to show.7. This passage would most likely be found in _________?8.The author’s attitude toward …is _________?9. The tone of the passage can best be described as _________?这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。

具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点：1.首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点2.要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论3.要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全4. 要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意5.在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章。

推理判断题常见有以下形式：1．细节推断题要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等考生要从文章本身所提供的信息出发，抓住关键的信息词，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断 2020年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标ⅠB） Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.There are three books I reread annually .The first, which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.24．Why does the author like rereading?A．It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B．It’s a window to a whole new world.C．It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend.D．It extends the understanding of oneself.25．What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast?A．It’s a brief account of a trip.B．It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.C．It’s a record of a historic event.D．It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.27．What can we infer about the author from the text?A．He loves poetry.B．He’s an editor.C．He’s very ambitious.D．He teaches reading.【答案】24．D25．B27．A【解析】这是一篇说明文。

短文介绍了重新阅读的意义和益处并向读者介绍了作者每年重读的三本书作者鼓励读者去重新阅读书籍24．推理判断题根据第一段最后两句“But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(但是书没变，人变了那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处)”和第二段“The beauty of rereading lies in that our bond with the work is based on our present register. It is true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings.(重新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态真的，我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞逝)”可推知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理解故选D项25．推理判断题根据倒数第二段“Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.”及“an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。

由此可判断出A Movable Feast是关于海明威年轻时的生活故选B项27．推理判断题根据倒数第二段“The third book is Julio Cortázar’s Save Twilight: selected poems, because poetry.(第三本书是胡里奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城: 诗歌精选》，因为诗歌)”可知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而喜欢这本书故选A项2．因果推断题要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能的结果考生要准确。