考研考博-考博英语-外交学院模拟考试题含答案22.docx

考研考博-考博英语-外交学院模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题Barack Obama revs up on the environment by letting states set car-emissions standards.问题1选项A.lands upB.botches upC.starts upD.sharks up【答案】C【解析】考查近义短语辨析A选项land up“到达终点；最终成为；使淤塞”；B选项botch up“搞坏；弄糟”；C选项start up“开始；发动；突然站起；突然出现”；D选项shark up“敲诈”句意：巴拉克•奥巴马（Barack Obama）通过让各州设定汽车排放标准来加速环境保护rev up“使更活跃；使快转；加速”与该词组意思最接近的是C选项，因此C选项正确2. 单选题Manson was a scientist of unusual（ ）and imagination who had startling success in（ ）new and fundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.问题1选项A.restiveness, acknowledgingB.precision, coordinatingC.candor, dispellingD.insight, discerning【答案】D【解析】考查名词和动词辨析。

A选项restiveness, acknowledging“难以驾御；倔强”，“承认；答谢；报偿；告知已收到”；B选项precision, coordinating“精度，精密度；精确”，“调节，配合；使动作协调；（衣服、家具等）搭配；与……形成共价键”；C选项candor, dispelling“坦白；直率”；“驱散，驱逐；消除（烦恼等）”；D选项insight, discerning“洞察力；洞悉”，“觉察出；识别；辨别；了解；隐约看见”句意：作为一位科学家，马里逊具有非凡的洞悉力和想象力，远在某些全新的基本原理被人们普遍认识之前，他早就能够成功地令人吃惊地将其察觉发现因此D选项正确3. 单选题There is likely to be tension between landlord and tenant, between large landowners and impecunious peasants.问题1选项A.pettyB.modicumC.impoverishedD.frolicsome【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析A选项petty“琐碎的；小气的；小规模的”；B选项modicum“（n.）少量，一点点”；C选项impoverished“穷困的；用尽了的，无创造性的”；D选项frolicsome“嬉戏的，爱闹着玩的”。

句意：地主和佃户之间、大地主和贫穷的农民之间可能会出现紧张关系impecunious“没有钱的；贫穷的”C选项与该词意思最相近，因此C选项正确4. 单选题I didn’t call to make my airline reservation, but I（ ）.问题1选项A.should haveB.may haveC.must haveD.shall have【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词A选项should have“本该做却没有做”；B选项may have通常接过去分词，用于虚拟语气，表示“过去可能”；C选项must have done表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过），如果must have done与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作；D选项shall have done通常用来表示将来完成时句意：我没有打订机票，但我应该打订的因此A选项正确5. 单选题Several guests were waiting in the（ ）for the front door to open.问题1选项A.porchB.ventC.inletD.entry【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项porch“（沿外墙建筑、常带顶的）门廊，走廊”；B选项vent“（气体、液体的）进出口，通风口，排放口”；C选项inlet“（河道、水湾）入口，进口”；D选项entry“进入，入口”句意：有几位客人在入口处等着开门因此D选项正确6. 单选题I would rather have his（ ）than his company.问题1选项A.roomB.houseC.coatD.assets【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配A选项room“房间；空间；余地；机会；房间里所有的人”；B选项house“住宅；家庭；机构；议会；某种用途的建筑物”；C选项coat“外套；上衣；大衣；女大衣”；D选项assets“资产；宝贵的人才；有益的品质； 财产；有利条件；有价值的人或物”rather have one’s room than his company“不愿与某人结伴为伍”，与prefer one’s room to his company同义句意：我不愿与他结伴为伍7. 单选题Taking a low-dose aspirin every day will reduce your chances of dying from cancer, scientists say today, confirming the over-the-counter pills as the most extraordinary drug yet discovered.Daily aspirin has already been shown to cut the chances of heart attacks and stroke in people who are at risk. The study public today in the Lancet medical journal reveals that it also has a powerful preventive action against a range of cancers and possibly more of them than there is currently enough evidence to prove.While the doctors who carried out the study say it is not for them to make recommendations, the lead author, 46-year-old Prof Peter Rothwell from Oxford University, says he has been taking aspirin for the last two years. The beneficial dose is 75mg - a quarter of a standard tablet, which is 300mg. Some pharmacies sell low-dose tablets, but at a higher price.Rothwell and his colleagues have already shown that daily aspirin cuts death rates from colorectal cancer by more than a third. For the study published today, they examined all the data they could find from well-conducted trials that had assessed the use of aspirin against a control drug and had recorded deaths from cancer.In eight trials involving more than 25,000 patients, they found there were 21% fewer deaths after five years among those who took a daily aspirin tablet, compared with those who did not. The effect was most noticeable in gastrointestinal cancers, where deaths dropped by 54%.Patients in aspirin trials 20 years ago were still 20% less likely to die of a solid tumor and 35% less likely to die of gastrointestinal cancer.They found that the effects of the aspirin seemed to kick in for pancreatic, brain, esophageal and lung cancer (generally not the sort triggered by smoking) after patients had been taking it for five years or more. For stomach and colorectal cancer, the effects were seen after 10 years and for prostate cancer after 15 years. After 20 years, the risk of death from prostate cancer was reduced by 10%, for lung cancer by 30%, for colorectal cancer by 40% and for esophageal cancer by 60%.The scientists believe benefits may be even greater than they could establish.The impact on pancreas, stomach and brain cancers was difficult to quantify exactly because of smaller numbers of deaths, they say. There could be an effect in breast and ovarian cancers, but there is not enough trial data to prove it.Those in the trials took aspirin for only four to eight years.。