第四章 动词应用解题技巧及强化训练.doc

第四章 动词应用解题技巧及强化训练【解题技巧】选用动词的适当形式填空主要是测试动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词的用法和其他方面的掌握程度谓语动词有时态、语态的区别；非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)因此，做此类试题首先要判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后确定其正确形式下面按四个方面将如何确定动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词等形式的方法分述如下：1. 确定时态的方法(1)从句中所含的时间状语来判断：①一般现在时常用的时间状语有：sometimes，often，always，usually，every Tuesday，in the morning 等等②一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用：last year，yesterday，…ago，last Monday morning，just now 等等③一般将来时常有表示将来含义的时间状语：tomorrow，next week，this evening等等④现在进行时常与 now 连用，或用 look，listen 创设现在进行时的语言环境⑤过去进行时常与表示“具体的过去时间”连用如：at eight last night，at that time，this time yesterday 等。

⑥现在完成时常用的时间状语有：already，just，ever，never，yet 以及 since/for引导的时间状语⑦过去完成时常与表示“与过去时间比较已经完成” ，含有“过去的过去”之意的时间状语连用如：by the end of last year，by 1990 等⑧过去将来时，常出现在主句为一般过去时的宾语从句里，且常与表示“过去将来”的时间状语连用，如 the next week/month 等2)①根据上下文联系和时态呼应来判断时态如：Listen! Who is_singing？②在复合句中，可根据从句的时态判断主句的时态如：He has_been to many places since he came to China.也可根据主句的时态决定从句的时态如宾语从句中若主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去某种时态如：Bill asked if they could_(can)come.③当主句为一般将来时，从句为 if，when，as soon as，until 等引导的状语从句时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来如：If you don’t hurry，you’ll miss the train.(3)根据习惯表达来判断时态。

如：表示客观真理的句子常用一般现在时如：He said the earth goes round the sun.2. 确定语态的方法当句子主语是动作的承受者，含有“被动”之意时，要用被动语态被动语态的谓语由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成be 要随着时态和主语的人称和数而变化中考所涉及的被动语态只有一般现在时、一般过去时和情态动词的被动语态；只要熟练掌握，一般没有什么困难3. 确定非谓语动词的用法对于动词不定式，主要掌握其几种基本用法，对动名词和分词只要掌握教材中所出现的常用句型搭配，并把这些动词分清、记牢记住这些动词，就等于记住了它们的用法①跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有 want，try，forget，hope，decide，choose，agree等②跟动名词作宾语的动词有 keep，go，like，finish，enjoy，hate 等③ 动 词 stop， remember， forget 等 动 词 既 可 接 不 定 式 也 可 跟 动 名 词 作 宾 语 ， 意 义 不 同 如 ：He stopped talking.He was so tired that he stopped to_have a rest.④动词 let，see，hear，make，feel 等后面的宾补在主动语态中常用不带 to 的不定式作宾补，但改被动语态时，则要带 to。

如：They made him work 10 hours a day.He was made to_work 10 hours a day.4. 其他方面包括习惯用法、句型、短语等有关动词基本形式的测试如一些常见句型：It takes sb. some time to_do sth. /too…to_do sth. 等介词后面应用动词-ing 形式系动词、实义动词在情态动词、助动词后面及在祈使句里用原形此处，还应注意一些常见的短语如：well done，had better do sth. 等这些方面的知识主要靠平时积累，并且多做有关练习，加以巩固记忆，才能熟练掌握例题解析】1. I________(see)your aunt when I________(walk) in the street yesterday.［答案］saw; was walking根据句子的时间状语，本句的动作显然是过去发生的，考虑到两个动作的同步性，我们把前一动作用一般过去时，而 when 从句的动作用过去进行时2. Go home before it________(rain).［答案］rains主句为祈使句时，条件状语从句、时间状语从句也常用一般现在时代替将来时。

3. He asked me what________(happen) in China in 1949.［答案］happened由于后边有较明确的时间状语 in 1949，所以此处用一般过去时4. I’ll tell him the message as soon as he________(come) back.［答案］comes主句是一般将来时，时间状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来的动作5. I’ll tell him the news(消息)that our class________(win).［答案］has won(或 won，is winning，will win 等)虽与上例相仿，但本句中的that 从句是 news 的同位语(从句)，所以它的时态一般不受主句时态的影响另外，因为win 是一次性的动作，所以此处不可用一般现在时形式 wins强化训练】Ⅰ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. The Browns ________(watch)TV at seven o’lock yesterday evening.2. How soon ________she ________(come) back？3. The Great Wall ________(know) all over the world.4. The next morning she found a young man ________(lie) in bed.5. The room ________(clean) again tomorrow afternoon.6. They told me ________(not worry)about this.7. Here is some medicine for you ________(take).8. When we got to the cinema，the film ________(be) on for ten minutes.9. They said they ________ never ________(be) to England.10. The teacher told us that the earth ________(go) around the sun.11. The fruit trees ________(plant )three years ago.12. The population of China ________(be)much larger than that of Australia.13. They will have a football match if it ________(not rain) tomorrow.14. They ________(learn) about two thousand English words since they came to this school.15. As soon as he ________(come)，I’ll give the note to him.16. How about ________(take) some photos on the Great Wall？17. It’s not easy ________(catch) fish with your hands only.18. Those things can’t ________(put) there.19. What language ________(speak) in America？20. Be quick. Somebody ________(wait) for you at the school gate.21. My mother is always busy________ (write) something.22. I________ (not hear) from her for a long time.23. It is three years since we________ (meet) last.24. They________ (ask)to clean the classroom yesterday.25. The singer________ (leave) for America. She is not here.26. Mary________ (not go) to the meeting. Neither did I.27. The bridge is strong enough for heavy trucks________ (pass)through.28. You’d better________ (not leave) her alone at home when you are out.29. Neither she nor I________ (be)to the Great Wall before.30. Will you please________ (not forget) to clean the classroom？Ⅱ. 选用方框中所给单词和词组的适当形式填空(每词只能用一次)Areach，miss，wear，turn off，snow，be busy with，build，get on with，live，return1. You___________the train if you don’t hurry.2. I don’t know whether she enjoys___________this watch.3. Please___________the radio when you leave.4. Wei Fang didn’t go to see the film last Sunday，because she___________her homework.5. His brother___________Beijing an hour ago.6. Mr Green___________here since 1980.7. This post office___________in 1990.8. ___________you___________the book to the library yet？9. How are you___________your classmates？10. It___________hard now。