全新版大学英语2(第二版) UNIT7 语言点.doc

Unit 7 The Glorious Messiness Of EnglishDetailed Reading Ⅰ. Difficult Sentences1. (Title) THE GLORIOUS MESSINESS OF ENGLISH 1) Translate the title into Chinese. 2) What kind of rhetorical device is used in the title? ( =1) 英语中绚丽多彩的杂乱无章现象. 2) The rhetorical device used here is called oxymoron (矛盾修饰法). An oxymoron puts two contradictory terms together to puzzle the reader, luring him/her to pause and explore why. Here “Glorious” is a commendatory(褒义的) term, while “Messiness” is derogatory(贬义的). As the reader reads on, he/she will know that English is messy, but the messiness reflects some commendable qualities of English, such as tolerance, the love of freedom, and the respect for others’ rights. At this point the reader cannot but admire the author’s ingenuity.)2. (LL. 9~10) … which French kids are supposed to say instead – but they don’t. Paraphrase this part of the sentence. (= French children are expected to say the word “balladeer” instead of “Walkman” but they don’t say it.) 3. (L. 14) Such is the glorious messiness of English. What can we know about the author’s attitude towards English from this sentence? (= He thinks much of it.)4. (LL. 20~21) The history of English is present in the first words a child learns about … (food, water). 1. Paraphrase this part. 2. Translate this part into Chinese. (=1) The history of English is revealed in the first words a child learns about … 2) 英语的历史体现在孩子最先学会用来表示…的词汇当中。

)5. (LL. 29~31) … “We shall fight …surrender.” What kind of rhetorical device is used here? And what’s the function of it? (= The rhetorical device used here is called parallelism(排比法). With this device the sentences become more powerful and will leave a deeper impression on listeners or readers.) 6. (LL. 69~70) … French for the nobles, Latin for the churches and English for the common people. What kind of rhetorical device is used here? (=The rhetorical device used here is called metonymy(转喻). Here the word “churches” stands for religious institutions and those who are involved in religious practices. Another example, in the sentence “The kettle boils.”, the word “kettle” stands to “the water in the kettle”.)7. (LL. 80~81) Translations of Greek and Roman classics were poured onto the printed page, … 1. What is the Chinese version of this part? 2. What kind of rhetorical device is used here? (= 1) 希腊罗马经典著作的译文纷纷印成书册 2) The author used personification(拟人法) in this part.)8. (LL. 83~84) Today we still borrow from Latin … cyberspace. Where are the two words “television” and “cyberspace” from? (= The word “television” is formed by “tele”(Greek, meaning “far off”) and “vision” (Latin, meaning “to see”). The word “cyberspace” is formed by “cyber”(Greek, meaning “to steer”) and “space”(Old French, Latin)).9. ( L. 89) Fortunately their idea has never been put into practice. What can we infer from this sentence about the author’s attitude towards English? (= The author prefers what English is today to what some British scholars wanted to do.) 10. (L. 95) I like that idea. What does “that idea” refer to? (= It refers to the fact that the English language today results from the great respecters of the liberties of each individual and his freedom to strike out new path for himself.) 11. (LL. 95~99) Consider that … around their language. What kind of rhetorical device is used in these sentences? (=The rhetorical device used in these sentences is called metaphor. Here the author uses sustained metaphor: the cultural soil, the first shoots sprang up, … grew stronger, build fences around their language. In this case the English language is compared to plants, and the various cultures influencing it are compared to the soil, while users of English are compared to gardeners. Besides this, the author employs many other metaphors in this text, such as core of English (Para. 4), another flood of new vocabulary (Para. 14), and the special preserve of grammarians (Para. 19) ).Ⅱ. Words and Expressions1.(L. 7) corrupt: vt. 1) cause errors to appear in * The Academy ruled that such foreign expressions were not permitted, as they corrupted the language. (=Has Japanese been corrupted by the introduction of foreign words?) 2) cause to act dishonestly in return for personal gains * To our great surprise, the former mayor turned out to have been corrupted by the desire for money and power. * To gain more profits, the businessman tried every means to corrupt the officials in the local government. 2. (L. 8) ban: 1. vt. forbid (sth.) officially (used in the pattern: ban sth.; ban sb. from sth./doing sth.) * The local government will ban smoking in all offices later this 。