人教版高二英语寒假讲义①寒假复习-第01讲 Unit1—3单词回顾和词汇拓展(选择性必修一)（教师版）.doc

第01讲 Unit1—3单词回顾和词汇拓展精讲精练(选择性必修一)单词回顾和词汇拓展精讲：（选修一unit1people of achievement）:1、 crucial adj.至关重要的;关键性的crucially adv至关重要be crucial to/for 对.…至关重要play a crucial role/part in...在……中起至关重要的作用a crucial factor/issue/decision 至关键性的因素/问题/决定It is crucial that... ……是至关重要的It is crucial to do.. .做……是至关重要的2、vital adj.必不可少的be of vital importance 至关重要be vital to/for对……至关重要3、committed [kəˈmɪtɪd] adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commit [kəˈmɪt] vt. 承诺；保证committed to 致力于commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt] n. 承诺be committed to( doing )尽力做某事commit an error/a mistake犯错commit a crime犯罪commit sb./oneself to ( doing ) sth.承诺某人(做)某事commit to sb./sth.忠于某人/某事4、objectiven.目标;目的adj.客观的the main/primary/principal objective主要/首要/主要目标meet/achieve one's objectives 达到/实现某人的目标with the objective of 以……为目标subjective adj.主观的an objective assessment客观评价objective description 客观描述a subjective impression主观印象a subjective judgement/opinion主观判断/观点5、botanical [ˌbɒtəˈnɑːtl] adj. 植物学的botany [ˈbɒtəni] n. 植物学botanical garden 植物园，botanical research 植物学研究6、evaluate [ɪˈvæljueɪt] vt. 评价；评估evaluation [ɪˌvæljʊˈeɪʃn] n. 评估7、property [ˈprɒpərti] n. 性质；特征；财产properties [ˈprɒpərtiz] n. 特性chemical properties 化学性质private property 私有财产8、distinct [dɪˈstɪŋkt] adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的distinctly [dɪˈstɪŋktli] adv. 清晰地distinct difference 明显的区别distinct memory 清晰的记忆9、property n.性质;特征;财产;房地产prevent serious property damage防止严重的财产损失a lost-property office失物招领处property prices房地产价格property rights产权10、distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的be distinct from与……截然不同It is distinct that...很明显……distinctly adv清楚地;明显地.distinctionn.[C,U]差别;特性,特质;11、extract [ɪkˈstrækt] n.提取物；摘录vt.提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出extracted [ɪkˈstræktɪd] adj. 提取的extract information 提取信息，extract juice 榨汁12、boil vt. &vi.(使)沸腾煮开;烧开n.沸腾；沸点boil with anger怒火中烧,非常愤怒 boiling adj.沸腾 boiling water沸腾的水boiling adj.沸腾 boiled [bɔɪld] adj. 煮沸的boiled water烧开的水13、liquid n.液体adj.液体的；液态的liquidsn. 液体 liquid form 液态14、Acknowledge vt.承认n.承认;感谢acknowledge doing/having done承认做(了)某事 vacknowledge that...承认……15、analyse vt.分析 进行分析analyse statistics/data分析数据analyse the problem 分析问题 in the final analysis归根结底analysis n.(pl.analyses )分析16、insist vi. &vt.坚持;坚决要求insist on坚决要求insist on doing sth.执意继续做某事 注：insist 作“坚决要求”讲后接宾语从句时,从句谓语用虚拟语气(should+动词原形，should可省略);作“坚持认为,坚持说”讲时,从句用陈述语气,根据需要选择各种时态。

17、wear and tear磨损，损耗wear out 用坏,穿破;使筋疲力尽wear well 耐用,耐穿,耐磨18、conclusion n.结论;推论jump to conclusions匆忙下结论in conclusion 最后conclude from sth. that...从……中推断出……to conclude ( =in conclusion )最后conclude...with... 以……结束conclude the meeting结束会议19、flee（fled fied）迅速离开，逃跑flee away 逃离flee from 从……逃离;避免flee in terror 惊恐地逃离 flee from one's duty逃避责任 20、circumstance n条件;环境;状况in/under no circumstances绝不in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然如此 in/under certain circumstances在一定条件下if circumstances allow/permit如果情况允许21、novelist n.小说家novel n.(长篇)小说adj.新奇的detective 侦探小说 Historical novels 历史小说 a novel idea 新奇的想法 a novel means of doing sth.做某事的新方法22、flow n.流;流动;流畅;vi.流;流动the flow of cars 车流 the flow of sound 声音的流畅 the flow of funds资金流flow chart 流程图23、numerous adj.众多的,许多的too numerous to mention/list不胜枚举 numerous friends很多朋友 make numerous efforts付出许多努力 24、theory n.理论;学说in theory 理论上,按理说 a scientific theory科学理论25、relativity n.相对论;相对性the theory of relativity相对论 relative to 关于……的,和……比较relative adj.相对的,相关的n亲戚relatively adv.比较而言,相对地26、gentleadj,温柔的;文静的 be gentle with对.…轻柔 比较级 gentler;最高级 gentlestgently adv.温柔地,温和地27、patent n.专利;专利证书;获得专利adj.有专利的;专利保护的patent laws 专利法 28、passion n.酷爱;激情;热爱;盛怒,激愤with passion 充满激情地 be full of passion 充满激情 arouse one's passion唤起某人的激情 have a passion for酷爱……passionate adj. 热诚的;狂热的29、 come to power开始)掌权;上台 be in power执政(强调状态) come to power开始掌权/执政(强调动作) beyond one's power为某人能力所 powerful adj.强大的,有力的powerless adj.无权力的30、consequence n. 结果;后果as a consequence = in consequence结果,因此( = as a result)as a consequence of = in consequence of作为……的结果( = as a result of )consequent adj.随之发生的consequentlyadv.结果,因此31、remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的;惊人的.remarkably ade显著地:奇异地It is remarkable that...令人惊讶的是32、devicen.方法;技巧;装置;仪器;手段,花招electronic devices 电子设备a device for doing sth.用于做某事的设备/方法a device to do sth.做某事的设备/花招33、sum vi.总结;概括 n.金额;款项,总数;总和sum up总结;概括to sum up 总之;概括地说 a sum of 许多,大量the sum of ……的数目;……的总和XB1U1词汇变形及短语精练一、 词汇变形1． __________vt．承诺；保证 vi．忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）→__________adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→__________n.投入；奉献；承诺2． __________n．（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院校→__________adj.学业的；学术的3．__________adj．植物学的→__________n.植物学4．__________vt．评价；评估→__________n．评价；评估5．__________adj．清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→__________n.区别；差别6. __________vt.分析→__________(pl.__________)n.分析7．__________adv．显而易见；看来；显然→__________adj.显而易见的；明显的8．__________adj．科学（。