朝鲜诗坛对杜甫的接受.pdf

烟台大学 硕士学位论文 朝鲜诗坛对杜甫的接受 姓名：金明奎 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：中国古代文学 指导教师：兰翠 20100501 I 中中 文文 摘摘 要要 杜甫是对朝鲜诗坛影响力最大的诗人他的作品对朝鲜诗坛有着深远影响，朝鲜时代的诗 人都或多或少接受了杜甫诗歌 李成桂建立朝鲜后，他采纳了用儒家思想治国的方针，这种措施便是“崇儒抑佛” 因此， 儒教在朝鲜时代（1392-1897年）发展到了最鼎盛的时期，政治、经济、社会、文化等各个方面 都受到了儒教的极大影响在这种时代背景下，杜甫诗歌中丰富的社会内容,强烈的时代色彩和 鲜明的政治倾向，尤其是“忠君爱民”的理念，符合了朝鲜时代两股社会势力（文臣和武将） 的政治需要同时， 《杜诗谚解》的翻译和刊行，也为人们学习杜诗提供了方便，因此，杜甫的 诗歌得到广泛流传 朝鲜前期诗坛对杜甫的接受以徐居正为最突出徐居正作为集贤殿出身的文人代表，他对 杜甫的接受更主要是认同杜甫的忠君爱民思想他的《东人诗话》以及自己的诗作，都可看出 对杜甫的摹仿和学习除了徐居正对杜甫的痴谜学习之外，当时郑道传、权近、卞季良、柳芳 善等一大批诗人也同样受到杜甫的影响。

朝鲜时代中期，性理学非常发达，奠定了朝鲜王朝的统治理念因此，对宋诗的学习一度 占居了当时朝鲜诗坛的主流但同时，诗坛上也出现了以倡导学唐诗来反对宋诗风的现象，出 现了一股“学唐风” ，其中代表就是李晬光和李植等与朝鲜前期诗人主要重视杜甫诗歌的忠君 爱民的思想价值不同，李晬光对杜甫的接收，更加重视其文学艺术的价值，所以，他的《芝峯 类說》以实证的方法对杜甫的许多诗歌作出重新解释，对杜甫的诗歌艺术成就作出重新评价 朝鲜后期学术界， 人们对空谈性理的儒家思想逐渐产生怀疑， 提倡注重现实 经历了 “壬辰倭乱” 和 “丙子胡乱”两次战争，朝鲜的社会环境与经济结构发生了根本变化，为了适应经济变化的需要，主张 经世致用、利用厚生和实事求是等实学的思想开始兴起，实学运动产生了实学运动抬头的朝鲜 后期诗坛的作品，以批判和讽刺当时腐败的官僚社会为主流经历了战乱，人民忧国爱民的情 绪和杜甫忧国爱民的情绪十分相符，同时印刷术更加发达，杜甫诗因此流传得更加广泛，杜诗 II 的学习与研究再一次成为一种社会风气其中茶山（丁若鏞）对杜甫的接受最有代表性 然而，这一时期朝鲜的诗人们不是简单的模仿杜诗，而是接受了杜诗关心民生的精神，结 合当时朝鲜的社会现实，创作了具有本土特色的朝鲜诗。

从九世纪的新罗时期到十九世纪的朝鲜王朝，经历了十一个世纪漫长的千年历史，杜甫的 影响经久不衰尤其到朝鲜前期依据王命刊行了《杜诗谚解》以来，在朝鲜社会不知道杜诗的 人不能列入有教养人的行列杜甫作为“诗圣”一直活在朝鲜人民心中，活在朝鲜的文学和文 学理论中，这一事实本身就说明了中国与朝鲜，在文化和文学方面的交往是多么密切，这种影 响的历史是多么悠久 【关键词】 杜甫诗、《杜诗谚解》、朝鲜诗坛、接受 III ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Du Fu is the most influential poet to the Korean（li dynasty） poetic world. His work has profoundly influenced the Korean poetic world. The poets of Korean （li dynasty） time had more or less accepted Du Fu poetry. Li Chenggui adopted “Confucianism” as its managing policy in setting up Korea（li dynasty, that is “honor the Confucianism and damp Buddhism”. Therefore, Confucianism (1392-1897 years) reached its most Prosperous time in old Korean（li dynasty） times, politics, economy, society, culture and other aspects were influenced by it greatly. Under this kind of time background, Du Fu poetry’s rich social content, the intense period of time, obvious political orientation, especially the thought of remaining Loyal to the King and Love for the Ordinary People conformed to the two kinds of people’s(official and military commander) political need. At the same time, "Du Shi Yan Jie” translation and publishing also provide convenience for studying Du Fu’s poems. Therefore, Du Fus poetry spread widely in Korea （li dynasty） . Xu Juzheng is the most prominent poet who accepted Du Fus poetry. As the representative of Jixian dian background, the main reason that he accepted Du Fu poetry because he agreed with Du Fu’s thought of remaining Loyalty to the King and Love for the Ordinary People. We can see Du Fu’s poetry characteristic from Xu Juzheng’s ----"Dong Ren Shi Hua" as well as his other poems. Besides Xu Juzheng’s craziness to Du Fu, Zheng Daochuan, Quanjin, Bian Jiliang, Liu Fangshan and many other poets were also influenced by Du Fu. In the metaphase of Korea, neo-Confucianism was developed, and had been established as the dynasty dominant philosophy. Therefore, the studying of Song poetry became the main stream at that time, but a tide of learning Tang Dynasty poetry also became into fashion. Li zuiguang and Li Zhi are the representatives, different from Prophase Korea, Li zuiguang’s acceptance to Du Fu’s potry is focused on its literature value, his "zhi feng lei shuo" evaluated Du Fu poetry’s literature accomplishment renewedly. Korea anaphase academia was doubtful of Confucianism, paying close attention to reality. After “ Ren Chen Wo Luan and “Bing Zi Hu Luan”(two wars). Korea’s social environment and economy structure had changed fundamentally, in order to adapt the need of economy change, practical knowledge thought was developed greatly, animadversion and criticizing the corrupt bureaucrat society IV was the main stream of the literary world. The anxious for the country is similar to Du Fu’s thought. The printing was inproved greatly at that time, therefore Du Fu poems was spread widely. The studying and researching of Du Fu’s poetry became a ethos again, the Cha shan (Ding ruoyong) was one of the most famous at that time . However, the poets’ studying was not just imitation at that time, they accepted Du Fu’s thought of concerning peoples livelihood, they produced a lot of poems with their own characters. From the 9th century to the 19th century, Du Fu’s influence had been unfailing, especially after “Du Shi Yan Jie" was published in the earlier period of Korean history which therefore meant, a person who had no idea of Du Fu cannot be regarded as an educated person. Du Fu is called “the poem Saint” and lives in the heart of korean people, in Korea’s literature and literature theory. This fact itself shows how close the literature and culture relationship between China and Korea, and how long that this influentual history is. 【【key words】】 Du Fu poem, "Du Shi Yan Jie", the Korean（li dynasty） poetry world, acceptance 烟台大学学位论文原创性声明和使用授权说明烟台大学学位论文原创性声明。