直接引语和间接引语概述.docx

直接引语和间接引语概述 我们把引述别人的话语可归纳为两种方式，一种时直接引述别人的话语，并置于引号之 内的称为直接引语，另一种是用自己的语言转述别人的话语，称为间接引语，间接一般构成 宾语从句The teacher asked, “Do you like English? “老师问：“你喜欢英语吗？”（直接引语）The girl said that she liked English very much. 女孩说她非常喜欢英语间接引语） 一般在直接引语或间接引语当中都有一个引述动词，如 tell, ask, say 等这些引述动词 和它们的主语所放位置比较灵活，可以放在直接引语之前、之后或其中主语如果是名词时， 可以倒装主语+引述动词”放在间接引语当中就相当于宾语从句的主语部分He told me, “I am going to Changchun tomorrow.” 他告诉我：“明天我打算去长春"Where are you from?” asked Linda. “你来自哪里？”琳达问直接引语变间接引语的变化形式人称代词和指示代词的变化指示代词 this 和 these 通常变为 that 和 those 。

人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整从 句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不 变例如：He said, “I came to help you.” 他说：“我是来帮助你的f He said that he had come to help me.他说他是来帮助我的时态的变化 引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变引述动词如果用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种具体变化 如下：一般现在时f一般过去时 一般过去时f过去完成时现在进行时f过去进行时 现在完成时f过去完成时一般将来时f过去将来时【注意】含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态若直接引语为客观真理或自然规律，变为间接引语时，时态不变有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语 时间状语的变化now f then today f that day tonight f that night this week f that week yesterday f the day before 地点状语的变化 here f there 谓语动词的变化 come f go直接引语变为间接引语的情况1. 直接引语为陈述句变为间接引语时，时态不变。

last month f the month before three days ago f three days before tomorrow f the next day next month f the next month the day after tomorrow f in two days⑴ 将直接引语变为由that引导的宾语从句，接在谓语动词之后（that可以省略例如：He said, “I forgot to call you yesterday.” 他说：“我昨天忘记给你打了 f He said that he had forgotten to call me the day before.他说她前一天忘记给我打了2）如果引述动词是say to sb.,则通常改为tell sb. sth.结构例如：He said to me, “Your bike is broken.” 她对我说：“你的自行车坏了 f He told me that my bike was broken. 他对我说我的自行车坏了2. 直接引语为一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句，将直接引语变为由 if /whether 引导的宾语从句，句中时态、 人称、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。

其语序为陈述语序，若直接引语 的引述动词为 say ，应改为 ask. 例如：Mary asked me, “Is Helen from the United States?” 玛丽问我，“凯伦时美国人吗？”fMary asked me whether/if Helen was from the United States.玛丽问我海伦是否时美国人直接引语为特殊疑问句 直接引语为特殊疑问句，将直接引语变为由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，语序是陈述语 序例如：John asked me, “Where does Zhou Xun come from?” 约翰问我，“周迅是哪儿的人？”fJohn asked me where Zhou Xun came from. 约翰问我周迅时哪儿的人if 引导的条件状语从句主句用一般将来时， if 从句用一般过去时We will go to Bao Duzhai if it is fine tomorrow.如果明天天好的话我们就去抱犊寨We will to travelling if we have time tomorrow.如果明天我们有时间我们就去旅行。

主句祈使句， if 从句用一般现在时Please call me if you need help. 如果你需要帮助请打给我Sing a song if you feel happy. 如果感到快乐就唱首歌吧！ 主句含有情态动词， if 从句用一般现在时You can make a lot of money if you run a company.如果你经营一家公司的话你会装很多钱You can get number one if you study hard. 如果你努力学习你就可以得第一—Mary, what about going boating if it doesn't rain? 玛丽，如果明天不下雨，我们就划船好吗？—Good idea. 好主意莲山课件 原文地址： 初中英语——直接引语与间接引语直接引语转化为间接引语：三变：一变人陈 二变时态 三变状语 四变句型 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规津，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例： now变为 , yesterday 变为 today 变为 ; tomorrow 变为 地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”：指示代词 中 this 要改为 ; these 要改为 .; here 变为 ; 动词 come 变为 ;注 yesterday 变成 the day before , 时态要由原来的一般过去时变为过去完成时四、如何变句型：① 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

如:She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."—She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.② 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if 引导的宾语从句.如: He said, "Can you swim, John?" —He asked John if he could swim."You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. —My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework."Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" —He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.③ 直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾 语从句必须用陈述句语序)She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"— She asked me when they had their dinner.④ 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等)sb (not) to do sth."句型。

如:"Don't make any noise," she said to the children. —She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. —She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.⑤ 直接引语如果是以“Let 's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词 (或从句)如:He said, "Let' s go to the film." —He suggested going to the film.或 He suggested that they should go to see the film.1 He said , “Mother, the boy is very naughty.”2 He said to me, “I have left my book in your room.”3 She said, “I will come here again tonight.”4 He said, “I arrived yesterday morning.”5She said , “My sister will be back tomorrow morning.”6Paul said, “I'm trying to get a taxi.”7 “I never eat meat.” He explained.8 “Have you been here for ages?” she said.9 He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come?'10 He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”11 He said to me, “Please come again tomorrow.”12 He said to me, “Don't do that again.”13 He said, “Where is she going?”14 “Who lives next door?” she asked.15 “What's happened?” he asked.16 “Mary, when is the next train?” he asked.17 “Why did you stop the car, Tom? ” she asked.27 “Shall I wait for them or shall I go on?” the man asked.28 “Shall I lock the car or leave it unlocked?” she asked.29 “Will you be here tomorrow?” he asked me.30 “Would you like to come in for a drink?” she asked Bi。