2022年五年高考(2014-)英语阅读理解话题分类解读与训练-专题06_时文报道类.docx

专题 06 时文报道类 在信息时代的今日，我们必需关注国内外的重要大事；因而时文报道类 也称新闻报道类 文章也是阅读懂得中必不行少的；时文报道类文章一般以记叙文为主；文章的特点是用特别简练的语言清晰地向读者 阐述一件事；这类文章的写作思路往往是这样的：简述某个大事 何时、何地、何人、何事、结果 详细描述该大事 细节内容 作者或其他人的看法和评判；不过，在表达方式上，作者会运用各种表达方 式，如倒叙、插叙等，思维的跳动性较大；另外，这种文章中往往显现大量的生疏的人名或地名，在阅读 时，要学会排除干扰； 时文报道类是历年高考英语的必考话题，主要题型为阅读懂得，体裁一般为说明文，分值所占比重也 比较高；如 2021 年新课标卷 I 阅读懂得 C 篇； 2021 年新课标卷 II 阅读懂得 D 篇； 2021 年新课标卷 III 阅读懂得 C 篇等 重视时文类的标题 标题通常点明短文的主题思想； 由于高考试卷中的大部分时文类文章都会 时文报道类 重视时文类的导语 重视每个段落的连接 有意识地删掉标题， 因此全文的主题和论点必需通过懂得和分析导语部分来获得； 时文类文章通常结构看似比较松散， 而实际上并非如此； 时文类的正文主要对导语部分所供应的主题信息的相关细节进行表达或 谈论； 【高考探究】 高考试题常常以阅读懂得的形式显现新闻报道类的文章； 【典例剖析】 A schoolgirl saved her father s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic 过敏的 reaction which stopped his heart. Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm s heart by stamping 踩 on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing. Izzy s mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR. However, she quickly discovered her arms weren t strong enough, so she stamped on her father s chest instead. Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions 按压 until the ambulance arrived. Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said: I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn t strong enough to use hands. I was quite scared. The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest. She s a little star, said Debbie. I was really upset but Izzy just took over. I just can t believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid. Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we ve got to see an expert. Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, his blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment. He has now made a full recovery from his suffering. 1. Izzy kicked her father in the chest . A. to express her helplessness B.to practise CPR on him C.to keep him awake D.to restart his heart 2. What s the right order of the events. Izzy kicked Colm. Debbie called 999. Izzy learned CPR. Colm s heart stopped. A. B. C. D. 3. What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about. A. What Colm suffered. B. Colm s present condition. C. What caused Colm s allergy. D. Symptoms of Colm s allergic reaction. 4. Why does the author write the news. A. To describe a serious accident. B. To prove the importance of CPR. C. To report a 9-year-old girl s brave act. D. To call people s attention to allergic reaction. 【语篇解读】本文为新闻报道；文中报道了 9 岁女童英勇救父的故事； Izzy 的父亲因过敏反应心脏停止工作， Izzy 实行急救措施挽救了父亲的生命； 2.C 【解析】考查细节懂得；由上下文可知， Izzy 从前明白了一些 CPR心肺复苏术 ，后来她父亲因过敏反应心脏停止了工作， Izzy 的母亲 Debbie 拨了 999 急救，然后 Izzy 实行了急救措施； 3.A 【解析】考查段落大意；第八段主要讲 Colm 所患的疾病，即古怪的过敏反应；所以 A 项正确； 4.C 【解析】考查写作目的；文章为新闻报道，第一段中的 A schoolgirl saved her father s life by kicking him in the chest 为导语，所以作者的写作目的是报道 9 岁女童英勇救父的故事； 【长难句解读】 A schoolgirl saved her father s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic 过敏的 reaction which stopped his heart. 分析：该句为主从复合句 , 句中 A schoolgirl saved her father s life by kicking him in the chest 为主句， after 引导时间状语从句， which stopped his heart 为定语从句修饰先行词 reaction ； Passage 1 （ 2021 年新课标卷 I ） 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间说明文 人类语言越来越少及其缘由 350 7 分钟 Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit 联系 groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them. Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number 中位数 of speakers is a mere 6, 000, which means that half the worl。