英国警务概况.ppt

Law Enforcement in the UK - an introduction 英国警务概况,Dr. Yinshan Tang Informatics Research Centre University of Reading y.tang@reading.ac.uk,Independent独立的、自治的,England and Wales英格兰和威尔士 Northern Ireland北爱尔兰 Scotland苏格兰Government of Wales Act 2006 does not affect the police matters in general.在通常情况下威尔士政府2006法案不干涉警察事务,Jurisdictions and territories 司法权和管辖范围（警察按区域划分行使辖区管辖权）,Every person powers – citizen arrest每个公民都有抓捕犯罪嫌疑人的权利 Attested constables – full power of arrest and search – Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 1984年生效的警察和刑事证据法案规定办案警察具有完全的抓捕和搜查的权利 Police officer restrictions – industry action, politics activities (legal restrictions)对警察的法律约束-产业行为，政治活动（法律约束）如警察不得罢工，不准参与竞选等政治活动,Types of agencies警察机构类别,Territorial police forces – independent authorities, specific area地区警察-按照区域划分，行使特定地区的独立管辖权 Special police forces – specific, not regional – British Transport Police, Ministry of defence police and Civil nuclear constabulary特警按警种划分，而不按区域划分，如英国交通警察，国防部国防警察和民用核警察部队 Non-police Law enforcement agencies - Serious Organised Crime Police非警务执法机构重大有组织犯罪侦破警察,Cross border powers边境警察,Territorial police constables can arrest people from countries where they were attested in目前地区警察可以在英国全境抓捕罪犯 Arrest with warrant – issued in any country – warrant to committal, warrant to imprison or to apprehend, warrant to arrest a witness拘捕许可证—在任何一个国家在拘捕、搜查等环节都需要许可证 Arrest without warrant – constable can arrest a person has committed or attempted to commit an offence in his country or other country无证拘捕—警察可以在无许可证的情况下拘捕现行犯罪嫌疑人 “Mutual aid” and “on loan” police has the same power of the local police警察助手和借调警察与当地警察具有相同的权力,Police civilians 由警方雇佣的文职人员,Chief police officer can designate any person who is employed by the police authority to警察局长可以分配警局雇佣的人员从事如下工作: Community support officer社区支持（后勤）警察 Investigating officer调查警 Detention officer 看守 Escort officer护卫警 They only have power when on duty or in uniform他们只有在执勤或着制服的情况下行使权力,Accredited persons 被正式授权的人,Chief police officer can also give limited powers to a person who is not employed by the police authority警察局长也可以给未受雇于警局的人员以下的权利，如 Vehicle and operator service agency车辆管理和服务管理处 High way agency高速公路管理处,Members of the armed forces 武装警察,Northern Ireland only:仅限于北爱尔兰武警权力 Power to stop people or vehicles拥有阻留人员或机动车辆的权利 Arrest and detain people for 3 hours实施逮捕和留置嫌疑人3小时的权利 Enter the building to keep peace or search people who is kidnapped进入建筑物并保障内部安全或搜寻被绑架人质 Close roads交通管制 They may use reasonable force可以合理使用武器 Armed forces may detain people if they believe the suspected committed offence under the Customs & Excise act.依照海关条例实施细则，武装警察力量有权拘留他们认为涉嫌犯罪的人员,Other civilians 其他的文职人员,Local authority employees当地政府机构雇员 Independent Police Complaints Commission独立的受理警察投诉委员会 Serious Organised Crime Agency 严重有组织犯罪侦查处 UK Border Agency英国边防管理处 Water bailiff – fishing水上渔业管理员 Traffic officer交通管理员 Wildlife inspector野生动物保护巡视员 Pubic fire and rescue service 消防队 Prison officer监狱管理员,Uniform and ranks制服和警衔,Uniform and equipment 制服和装备（警衔）,Detectives侦探,Members of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) or Special Branch (and certain other units) have the prefix “Detective” before their rank犯罪侦查部门或执行特殊侦查任务的机构成员一般在他们的警衔前加上“侦探”的称谓 Due to the nature of their duties these officers generally wear plain clothes出于工作需要侦探通常着便装 They still operate within the same structure as uniformed officers他们和着制服警察具有同样的组织结构,Shoulder numbers肩章号,Sergeants, Constables, Special Constables and PCSOs all carry “shoulder numbers” on their epaulettes不同种类的警官都有肩章号 In most forces these are simple numbers, with 1 to 5 digits在大多数警察队伍中，一般肩章号都是由简单的数字组成，通常是1到5个数字 The Metropolitan Police, being a much bigger force, uses a different system 伦敦大都会警察由于警员数量众多，使用一个不同的肩章系统 Borough Code + rank + serial number肩章号：地区代码+衔级+序列号,Uniform制服,Uniform in 1919这是1919年英国警察的制服,Uniform制服,Hampshire police大盖警帽,Uniform制服,Shirts and helmets衬衫和头盔,Uniform制服,Met police伦敦警察（3人整齐划一，每分钟走56步）,Uniform制服,Met police head gear巡警的头部装备,Firearms警用武器装备,Tasers – governed by ACPO 强光电筒 Incapacitant spray芥末水 Batons警棍 Authorised Firearm officer具有持枪证的警官一般而言英国警察出去值勤是不带枪的，以此来保持亲民的形象。

Authorised firearms officer 官方授权的警用武器括以下几种：,Glock 17 pistol－ Glock 17型手枪 Glock 26 pistol (in use with the London Metropolitan Police Service)－ Glock 26型手枪，专门配发伦敦大都会警察 Sig Sauer P226 pistol－p226 型手枪 Walther P99 pistol (in use with Nottinghamshire Constabulary)－p99型手枪，专门配发诺丁汉郡警察机构 Heckler & Koch MP5 SF A3 semi-automatic carbineMP5－A3型半自动卡宾枪 Steyr AUG Semi-automatic carbine, used by some forces instead of the MP5 carbineAUG半自动卡宾枪，装备部分警察部队，以替代MP5卡宾枪 Heckler & Koch G36C semi-automatic carbine － G36C半自动卡宾枪 Heckler & Koch L104A1 baton gun less lethal option, fires rubber bullet － L104A1非致命性橡皮子弹枪 X26 Taser, a non-lethal weapon classified as a firearm－X26强光手电,Glock 17（格劳克17型手枪）,MP5（MP5卡宾枪）,Vehicles警车,Panda cars熊猫车（较小，速度不快，适合社区巡逻） Response cars - Ford Focus, Skoda Octavia and Vauxhall Astra快速反应车（主要是福特福克斯、斯柯达明瑞等车型） Advanced Driving qualifications高级驾驶资质 Area cars - BMW 5 series and Vauxhall Vectra地区警车（主要是宝马5系列） Traffic cars - Volvo V70 T5‘s with a 2.4 litre or Vauxhall Vectra with 2.8 litre V6, BMW 5 Series 3.0 litre diesel; Range Rover, Land Rover Discovery, BMW X5 or Mercedes M class for Motorway patrols. Fitted with video recording, laser speed detection交通警车，包括大排气量的沃尔沃、宝马、陆虎等高性能车辆，主要实现高速公路巡逻，现场实施录像，以及激光测速等功能。

交通警车要求高配置的警车以满足其职责要求。