高中考试英语——概要写作示例与写作训练10.docx

概要写作示例与写作训练10【写作示例】【原文呈现】阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the 'decline of class' and 'classless society' in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class. But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.One unchanging aspect of a British person's class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice, Most people said this accent sounded 'educated' and 'soft'. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional(地区的)city accents. These accents were seen as 'common' and 'ugly'. However, a similar study of British accents in the US turned these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song 'Common People' puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may 'want to live like common people' they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.【思维路径】[核心内容] 本文是一篇议论文，全文共分五段。

第一段主要讲在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分，每一阶级都有其独立的特征；第二段讲近几年来，许多作家认为英国已经渐渐转变成一个“阶级消亡”的社会；第三段主要讲英国对大众进行了一个调查，结果发现90％的人们任然把自己划分在一定的阶层中，73％的人认为阶级是英国社会一个必不可少的部分，因此说英国已面临“阶级消亡”还为时过早；第四段主要讲另一项调查，该调查时关于人们认为的好的口音，英国和美国的调查结果正好相反，也说明了英国阶级划分的根源非常深；第五段承接第四段进一步说明现在英国人对待口音的态度开始改变[写作思路](1)理清文章脉络、概括段落大意这篇短文给我们讲述了在英国社会中，阶级划分是重要的一部分作者在短文中给我们介绍了两项调查，通过调查的结果我们可以看到，英国社会里的阶级划分没有消失，它是英国社会重要的一部分该文章第一段的主题句为It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction；第二段的主题句也是段落首句；第三段主题句为该段的首句But pronouncing the death of class is too early和结尾句Britain seems to have a love of stratification；第四段的主题句是One unchanging aspect of a Britain person’s class position is accent；第五段的主题句是This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed.(2)审视文章布局，总结文章结构。

这篇文章的主要构成是“两个观点，两个调查”，“两个观点”指的是一个旧观点，即文章所指人们普遍认同的观点Britain as a society with class distinction(要点1)，第二个观点是新观点，是指近年来许多作家所提出的“decline of class”或者说“classless society”的观点(要点2)，作者为反驳这一个观点提出了英国社会所做的“两个调查”，分别是“a recent wide-ranging study”(要点3)的“A study of British accents”(要点4)，这两个调查的结果都证明了class remains an important part of British society(要点5)，读时理清文章结构，有助于写时理清概要思路[参考范文] British was commonly regarded as a class society. (要点1)However, some writers commented that class seemed to disappear in Britain nowadays. (要点2)This conclusion was made too early because two studies of public carried out among British people proving that class was still a vital part in British society. (要点5) Class was rooted in British people’s minds though not that deep as old days (要点3)and it could be seen from people’s attitudes toward accent.(要点4) (75 words)[范文解析] 范文把要点1和要点2放在开头，用however进行衔接，与原文结构相同，然后把要点3和要点4总结成two studies of public先在第三句提出，并且引出调查结果即英国社会仍然是一个等级社会，等级观念仍旧深入人心class was still a vital part in Britain society要点5，这样安排使得行文更加流畅自然，最后再具体提出两个调查的内容要点3和要点4，其中要点3是对文章第四第五段的高度概括。

[提炼归纳] 1. 重构主题句概要既要表达文章中各段主题句的含义又不能原文照抄，因此学生需要在原文主题句的基础上对其进行重构，如范文中的第一句British was commonly regarded as a class society即是对原文中It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction的重构，在重构过程中需要用到词性转换，句式转换，同义词替换等技巧2. 重建支撑句 文章中的支撑句是对主题句的补充，同时也为主题句论点提供论证，概要当中应当点到支撑句或者支撑部分的内容，同时，信息要做到高度浓缩如范文中Class was rooted in British people’s minds though not that deep as old days这一句既概括了第一个调查中的内容同时也点到了最后一段人们的等级观念的确在发生改变这一事实写作演练】1.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要College admission season is upon us. With the ever-increasing competition among college applicants, writing an effective and sincere college recommendation letter is one way high school teachers can help students stand out among the competition. Here are a few things I have learned how to write a recommendation for my students.Try beginning your letter with something the person tasked with screening hundreds of recommendation letters will remember. I like to start with an amusing story that illustrates who the student is and how others perceive them. Make sure to use the student’s full name for the first reference and then just the first name after that. My favorite strategy is to end the paragraph with a s。