工业设计专业吸尘器的技术与历史毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文.doc

毕业设计（论文） 外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：吸尘器的技术与历史文献、资料英文题目：The vacuum cleaner technology and history文献、资料来源： 文献、资料发表（出版）日期： 指导教师: 翻译日期:2017. 02. 14院（部）：专业：工业设计班级：姓名：学号：毕业设计（论文）外文翻译The vacuum cleaner technology and historyVacuum cleaner - classificationVacuum cleaner species more, according to the structure points are mainly：1，vertical: a bucket or square round the majority，points on, under two parts，the upper part- is powered with motor, the lower for dust collection box.2, horizontal: rectangular or models shape, have two parts，front before for dust collection box，rear part for the motor.3 and portable, it usually has four kinds of form - shoulder type： smaller, when using back on his shoulders, smaller power； Pole type： shape like rod, handles，and on the top is for suction nozzle below, smaller power； Portable:smaller, which can be directly used in hand grip， smaller power； Mini type： multi-purpose battery-powered, smaller，more for clean clothes, instruments，smaller power.According to the drive motors to pointsvacuum cleaner and can be divided into the following categories: ac vacuum cleaners, dccleaner and ac/dc amphibious vacuum cleaner.Vacuum cleaner - working principleCleaner mainly by up dust, vacuuming，blow 3 parts，generally includes string-excited motor，centrifugal blower KSF，blow device (bags) and vacuuming accessories. KSF string-excited motor speed up more than 20000r/min (mini vacuum cleaner analyzed, combined by micro, rated voltage dc machines for 3 〜6V). Blow is usually adopts mesh, flannelette or filter materials. General cleaner power for 400 〜1000W or higher, portable vacuum cleaner power generally lower than 250W. Cleaner principle of work is as follows： motor high-speed drive their impeller rotation，make air high-speed eduction，and the air blower front-end vacuuming cottrell constantly supply，make aspiration to fan cottrell， thus produced with outside the instantaneous vacuum forming negative pressure differential pressure，on the pressure difference，under the action of inhaled air, the dust scurf，ejecting purity is filtered air cleaner air. The greater the air pressure difference, the greater the greater ability, aspiration.A vacuum cleaner, commonly referred to as a vacuum is a device that uses an air pumpto create a partial vacuum to suck up dust and dirt，usually from floors. The dirt is collected by either a dust bag or a cyclone for later disposal. Vacuum cleaners，which are used in homes as well an in industry, exist in a variety of sizes and models: from small battery-operated hand-held devices to huge stationary industrial appliances that can handle several hundred litters of dust before being emptied.TechnologyA vacuum’s suction is caused by a difference in air pressure. An electric fan reduces the pressure inside the machine. Atmospheric pressure then pushes the air through the carpet and into the nozzle，and so the dust is literally pushed into the bag.Tests have shown that vacuuming can kill 100% of young fleas and 96% of adult fleas.A British inventor has developed a new cleaning technology known as Air Recycling Technology which instead of using a vacuum uses an air stream to collect dust from the carpet. This technology was tested by the Market Transformation Programmer (MTP) and shown to be more energy efficient than the vacuum method. Although working prototypes exist Air Recycling Technology is not currently used in any production cleaner.Exhaust filtrationVacuums by their nature cause dust to become airborne，by exhausting air that is not completely filtered. This can cause health problems since the operator ends up inhaling this dust. There are several methods manufacturers are using to solve this problem. Some methods may be combined together in a single vacuum. Typically the filter is positioned so that the incoming air passes through it before it reaches the motor. Typically，the filtered air then passes through the motor for cooling purposes.HistoryThe vacuum cleaner evolved from the carpet sweeper via manual vacuum cleaners. The first manual models，using bellows，came in the 1869s，and first motorised models came in the beginning of the 20Ih century.New idea in Vacuum CleanersDaniel HessDaniel Hess of West Union, Lowe, USA invented a vacuum cleaner in 1860-Calling it a carpet sweeper instead of a vacuum cleaner，his machine did, in fact，have a rotating brush like a traditional vacuum cleaner，which also possessed an elaborate bellows mechanism on top of the body to generate suction of dust and dirt. Hess received a patent (U.S.No.29.077) for his invention of the vacuum cleaner on July 10, I860.Elves W. Me GaffeThe first manually-powered cleaner using vacuum principles was the “Whirlwind，” invented in Chicago, USA in 1868 by elves W. Me Gaffe The machine was lightweight and compact，but was difficult to operate because of the need to turn a hand crank at th。