江西研究生英语第一册翻译资料.docx

本文格式为Word版，下载可任意编辑江西研究生英语第一册翻译资料 第一单元：腹部的累赘 New research points to waistline size as a better predictor of health By Amanda Spake 新的研究指出，腰围尺寸是更好的健康预报因素 1、Does your belt need a new hole--or three? Has that \hard to tie your shoes? And what's happened to clothing sizes? Why has everything become just too darn tight around the waist? If you find yourself asking these questions while you lie down on the bed, hold your breath, and try to get that zipper all the way up, join the club. Americans' collective waistline is expanding--a lot. And medical researchers are beginning to understand the complex physiology behind a simple truth women have believed for centuries: the smaller the waist, the better the life. 你的腰带需要多扎1个—或三个—新孔吗？那个“肉肚”已使你系鞋带都困难了吗？衣服尺码又发生了什么变化？为什么腰部周边的一切都变得紧得要命？当你躺床在上屏住呼吸努力把拉链向上拉到止境时，要是你察觉自己在问这些问题，那咱们就都一样了。

美国人的腰围正普遍在变粗—粗了好多几个世纪以来，妇女们始终相信一条朴实的真理：腰越细，生活就越好—医学研究者们如今正开头了解这一简朴真理背后的繁杂的生理机能 2、Over the past 10 years, a raft of new studies have shown that predicting a person's long-term health may be as simple as taking a waist measurement. Fat around the waist has been linked to a greater risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, hypertension, breathing problems, disability, some cancers, and higher mortality rates. The medical community once believed that it was weight itself or the body mass index that led to serious illness and earlier death, not where fat is located on the body. But recent research on the wonders of the fat cell has shown that not all fat is alike. Fat around the middle is largely visceral fat, a type of deep fat that packs itself around internal organs and secretes powerful body chemicals. It's this type of fat that sets off reactions in the body that lead to changes in arteries, organs, and cells that result in heart disease, diabetes, and probably some cancers. The more abdominal fat, the greater the risk of developing these conditions earlier. \ and clearer that body fat distribution is a critically important variable,\says JoAnn Manson, chief of preventive medicine at Harvard University's Brigham and Women's Hospital. \ 在过去的十年期间，一系列新的研究已说明，预言一个人的长期健康可能就同举行一次腰围测量一样简朴。

腰围周边赘满的脂肪已经与具有更大风险的心脏病、糖尿病、中风、高血压、呼吸系统、疾病、残疾、某些癌症以及更高的死亡率联系在一起医学界曾经认为，引起严重疾病和早逝的是身体本身或体重指数而不是脂肪位于身体什么部位然而，最近对脂肪细胞奇异之处的研究已经说明，并非全体脂肪都是一致的身体中周边的脂肪大多是内脏脂肪，这是一种包在体内各个器官周边并分泌浓烈的体内化学物质的深层脂肪类型就是这类脂肪会引起体内各种回响，导致动脉、器官、和细胞的变化，从而引发心脏病、糖尿病，还可能引发某些癌症腹部脂肪越多，提前患这些病的风险就越大哈佛大学布里厄姆妇女医院预防医学的领导人约安﹒曼森说：“体内脂肪分布是一个极为重要的变量，这一点变得越来越明显了因而腹部肥胖症是关键性的致病理由” 3、Ideal look.To some extent, folk wisdom and popular culture have reflected this for centuries. A willowy waistline was an ideal for both men and women in colonial and frontier America and easier to attain when food was scarce and a great deal of physical activity was required to hunt, gather, and cook it. The Victorian period ushered in the era of the \remained the ideal female form for more than 120 years, until it was supplanted by the \look of the 1960s. Boys, of course, want thin waists, too. Many a late-night infomercial sells the dream of \六块腹肌) or a \ 梦想的外表。

从某种程度上讲，人们的聪慧和流行的文化反映这一倾向已经有几个世纪了在美洲殖民地时代和边疆开拓时期，男人和女人的梦想都是柳树般的细腰，当时食物供不应求，狩猎、采集和烹饪食物又需要大量的体力劳动，所以这种梦想是对比轻易达成的维多利亚时代开创了“细腰体型”的时代，这种梦想女性体形的观念已经延续了120多年，直到20世纪60年头才被“苗条的”体形所取代当然，男孩子也想有细腰大量深夜的电视商业广告片向男人们推销他们梦寐以求的“6块腹肌”或“搓板肚” 4、One thing is certain: The average American waistline is expanding. In fact, it has never been bigger. Federal health surveys show that over the past four decades, the mean waist size for men has grown from 35 inches to 39 inches; for women, from 30 inches to 37 inches. The National Institutes of Health recommends that men with waists measuring 37 inches or greater and women with waists larger than 31.5 inches modify their lifestyles to reduce their waists and resulting health risks. Nearly 39 percent of men and 60 percent of women are carrying too much belly fat. 有一件事是断定的：美国人的平均腰围正在变粗。

事实上，他们的平均腰围从来没有比现在更粗联邦卫活力构的调查说明，在过去40年中，男性腰围的平均尺寸已从35英寸增加到了39英寸；女性的那么从30英寸增加到了37英寸美国）国家卫生研究院建议，所测腰围为37英寸或以上的男性和腰围大于31.5英寸的女性都要变更他们的生活方式以缩减他们的腰围，从而降低对健康产生的风险将近39%的男性和60%的女性正承载着太多的腹部脂肪 5、Perhaps one reason waists have grown so thick is that the majority of Americans do not realize that abdominal fat can be so hazardous. According to the Shape of the Nations report released by the World Heart Federation in September, 6 in 10 Americans did not rank abdominal fat as a leading risk factor for heart disease. And while a majority of doctors did know of the link between belly fat, heart disease, and diabetes, physicians measure waist circumferences of only 17 percent of their patients. 腰部已增长到这么粗的一个理由可能是由于大多数美国人并未熟悉到腹部脂肪能有这么大的危害。

据世界心脏联合会公布的“若干国家的体形现状报告”所说，10个美国人中就有6个尚未把腹部脂肪列为心脏病的首要危害治病因素尽管大多数医生切实已知腹部脂肪、心脏病、糖尿病三者之间的联系，内科医生们却只给他们17%的病人测量腰围 6、Yet, a study published in the British medical journal Lancet this month showed that among some 27,000 people in 52 countries, waist size as a ratio of hip circumference (the so-called waist-。