
K哥四级阅读讲义.doc
10页K哥四级阅读讲义一. 四级文章体裁:以说明和议论为主启发:1)关注重点不同对于说明文而言注意文中的定义,概念,重要数据和细节Mammoth,曾经广泛的生活在北半球上面的巨大的大象,全身长毛各段分别描述此大象鼻子巨长,食量巨大,体型巨大,力量巨大文章写的晦涩难懂但最后一题巨傻:what can we infer from this passage ?对于议论文而言注意整理的结论和观点1) 文章的重心:四级的文章的重心一般都靠前,(P9)3/5的题目是集中在第一段2) 有两种模式:a) 一根主线;b) 花开两朵各表一支P71, P87当然现在花开两朵的时候是很少了,四级的七人考试委员会在和我们斗争的过程中智商也是在不断提高的其实体裁啊也是我们,除了字词句段之外唯一关心的整体的东西了而真正的阅读是需要有整体和全局观念的二. 四级文章常见的结构为了方便我们理解我们通常把四级文章从内容上分为文科文章和理科文章文科当然就是包括:文化,历史,婚姻,家庭,教育,交通,住房,环境等文章理科一般包括:医学,生物学,心理学,海洋,空间技术,等等总之选题是非常广泛,会有一些热点选题常考话题(1)经济话题 (2)环境问题(3)交通(4)心理学(5)计算机科技比如:Group1 absent –mindedness (P107 , P120) Group2 American business (p69, p118) Group3 stress (P149, P106) 但是穷尽的可能性不大。
所以我们学习的过程中主要还是关注文章的语言点和阅读的思路1) 文科,人文方面a) 现象解释型:P11, P69, P87,P111问是一个现象,我们要寻找回答,即解释b) 问题解决方案型P95,P79典型:(文章中出现problem就是提示)问题problem 那么命题人的思路就一定是:1) 问题本身是一个题,2) 问题的原因是什么3) 问题的解决方案4)整理对解决方案的态度方案一般都是不行的,也不可能行,有方案了又有什么好说的呢:))(注意:最近两年有些文章出现了一些好的方案但不会问你整理的态度)5)出个细节什么的c) 结论解释型数量极多,在开始的时候给一个结论接着给出解释,在四级文章中数量极多2) 理科, 科技方面A) 现象解释型文章的开始出现一个问题,问是一个现象我们要找的就是解释就是答案例文:P3,P25,P83,B) 问题解决方案型(成果型)例文:p29, p14, p30.P32 ,P79 C) 实验型文章数量极多,思路固定(P8,P84)对整体的把握并不意味着我们可以忽视每个部分,句子的把握到任何时候都是任何阅读起步的基础这点毋庸置疑。
任何考试尤其是标准化的试题都有其固定的命题规范和风格,对中国的出题者而言更是如此,中国的英语命题人非常喜欢在句子结构上和考试较劲四级文章中的句子较难,较古怪,六级中呢是很难很古怪,考研呢,句句皆难,句句皆古怪三.四级文章的句子结构常考的常见难句主要有以下几种:1)多重复合句定语从句,主语从句,宾语从句等,重点的是掌握以IT为形式主语的复合句,以及定语从句复合句要注意抓主干和断句2)多重并列句,一般并列句可以用 and来连接另一种是肯定否定形式的并列句比如:not…but,(重点) not only…but also.(重点)注意:(重点)as well as …3)经典被动句It is a truth universally acknowledged that a man with a good fortune is in the want of a wife.4)倒装句:典型结构:主系表结构到装为表系主结构Pinned to their drawing boards are blue prints for improved quake –resistant building .P29 (97.6)As worrying , though , is the passenger who can’t hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music’s too loud .P74(99.6)Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham , were the long-distance western routes where readership had been declining significantly. (P81)(00.1)Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them P87(.00.6)P114,(03.1)写作:This is of great importance.5)双重否定=肯定(直接去掉否定词)6)比较结构A) More …(重点)than ; B) less…than .(重点)P14(91.6) eg31After monitoring production of the Javik-7 , and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients ( most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them . Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning the device.31. According to the passage the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be _____.A) a technical failure.B) a technical wonder.C) a good life-saver.D) an effective means to threat heart disease.P59 (96.6)The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmakers’ respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger. In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely wealthy and the very poor…58. Which of the following is the key factor in the immediate approval of Labor Day as a national holiday ?A) The lawmakers’ respect for the workers.B) The worker’s determination to have a holiday of their own.C) The socialists’ demands for thorough reform.D) The politicians’ fear of the workers’ anger.段首句出现了比较级是重点,一定要考。
P79.(00.1)The cure, though, might be worse than the disease . Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “ The world has less to fear from doomsday rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them ,” said a New York Times article.在讲解的过程中,对阅读部分有用的东西我们将逐个提到,以上几个类别是需要我们系统掌握的四.四级文章的单词特点以Available 的用法为引子而在阅读当中我们可以借鉴这样两句话Wittgenstein: The meaning of a word is its use in the language.Firth: Each word used in a new context is a new word.Some chicken, some neck. --- Churchill.熟词僻义Spell (P23, P134), code (P29, 102,127), Tap (P140),Fail (P1,P72) Empyreal substance cannot fail (perish) ----John Milton(Paradise lost) book 1,(Satan’s speech) 117行Sound (P22) unsound: The whole theory of modern education is radically unsound. (根本站不住脚) Oscar Wilde The importance of being earnest 文化现象: P124 window office ; window shopping 以上四点是四级文章本身所包括的体裁,结构,句子,单词的特点。
在我们明白这些特点以后如何来准备四级的阅读呢:那如何准备四级阅读呢:主要从以下三个方面入手一. 练习阅读方法,提高阅读速度我通过对02年以来真题的统计02年平均字数为:279.03年为287,04年为304,05年为31206年为308,07年为315.文章篇幅为上升趋势,对同学们的阅读速度提出了更高的要求大纲的要求在改革以后两篇阅读所给时间20分钟也是非常固定的,以往我们所沿用的可以从其他题型节约出时间的方法不在实用所以只能是靠技能和方法首先说一下技能:提高速度的方法:1、改掉阅读的不良习惯2、增加视野的宽度 Sense group (unit)3、养成阅读的习惯做题的三种方法:1)先看文章后做题,注意的三点: a) 注意文章中心与整理基本观点,即抓大的放小的b) 注意重要细节的位置重要语言现象原则(五大原则:段首句原则,比较原则,因果原则,指代原则,数字年代原则)c) 阅读。












