初中英语八大时态讲解和练习[全].doc

一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week , once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数如：He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫<口诀：I用am,you用are,is用于她他它,单数名词用is,复数名词都用are>二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。

如：①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数如：①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物②This book is yours. 这本书是你的 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数如：①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数如：①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里②The bread is very small. 那面包很小六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数如：①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。

[练习]1、 单选1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ;listen6 Jenny____ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied二、填空1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ < come> to visit.2 _____your sister_____English?3Her home____ _____ ______<远离 >her school.4The pot_____ like yours very much.5 Where _____you____lunch every day?6 Who_____<想要 >to go swimming?7 ______she_____ the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually______ games in the afternoon .二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.一般过去时的结构〔可分三类不同的结构 1.Be动词的一般过去时 在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were 肯定句式：主语 + be + 其它. 否定句式：主语 + be + not + 其它. 一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 其它？ 注：在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / wereBe动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数 2.实义动词的一般过去时态 肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句式：主语 + 动词〔过去式+ 其它 否定句式：主语 + didn’t + 动词〔原形+ 其它 [did not = didn’t] 一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ 动词〔原形+ 其它[do , does的过去时均为did]？ 注：1. did和didn’t是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。

2. 实意动词do的一般过去时 I do my homework every day.<用yesterday改写句子>I did my homework yesterday.I didn’t do my homework yesterday.<否定句>Did you do your homework yesterday？Yes ,I did. /No, I didn’t.<一般疑问句>3. 情态动词的一般过去时态 含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察 肯定句式：主语 + 情态动词 + 其它否定句式：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它. 一般疑问句：情态动词 + 主语 + 其它？ 注：情态动词的过去式：can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would,should-should 4.特殊疑问句式： 特殊疑问词+be过去式+主语+其他？ 特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其他？ 特殊疑问词+do/does过去式+主语+动词原形+其他？ What was your former name？ 你以前叫什么名字？ Why was he late for school last Monday？ 上星期一他为什么迟到？What could she do twenty years ago？ 20年前她能做什么？规则动词的过去式 1.一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed。

look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited pull-pulled, cook-cooked2.以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d live→lived use→used taste-tasted3.以"辅音字母+ y"结尾的动词,先将 y 改为i ,再加 –ed study→studied try→tried fly→flied 4.以重读闭音节〔即辅音＋元音＋辅音或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 –ed stop→stopped plan→planned stop-stopped prefer→preferred 5.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆 如：am-was, are-were〔是, become _became <成为> go-went〔走基本用法① 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态 He suddenly fell ill last night. 他昨晚突然病倒了②表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作 She went to the cinema once a month when she was at alked by the riverside. 我在乡下时经常在河边散步。

③叙述过去连续发生的一件件事 She got up early, fetched water, cleaned the room and then went out for a walk. 她早早起床,提水,打扫房间然后出去散步 [练习]一、请用正确动词形式填空1. He in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat a bird last night.3. We a party last Halloween.4. Nancy up oranges on the farm last week.5. I a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls at the party last night.9. I a cartoon on Saturday last week.10. ______ you _______ your relatives last Spring Festival? 11. ______ he _______ a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 12. Gao Shan _______ up the picture last night. 13. I ____________ the floor yesterday.14. What ______ she _______ in the garden l。