2022年6月英语四级阅读技巧：解除错误选项的四大原则.docx

2022年6月英语四级阅读技巧：解除错误选项的四大原则解除原则： 解除与原文相关句看法相反的选项　　看法相反原则，即选项所述主题与原文正好相反或看法不一样，可马上解除　　如2022年6月的四级考试阅读理解题目中，有一道题困扰了许多考生　　Passage 2 Q64： What does the author mean by "… you're just underlining his faults" (Line 4, Para. 3)?　　原文相关句：If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults.　　题目选项：　　A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.　　B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.　　C) You are emphasizing the fact that his is not intelligent.　　D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.　　这道题目许多同学会因为faults一词而误选了选项D)。

我们严格应用解除法来做题目，则可避开这一错误原文相关句主题 underline one's faults，意为"强调某人的错误"　　先来关注各选项动词：A) not take … seriously没有肃穆仔细的对待，与原文相反，解除;B)point out指出错误，保留;C) emphasize强调，保留;D) try to make sb. feel better让某人感觉更好，与强调错误这一主题相反，解除在此基础上，再应用主题相关原则做解除，B)选项提及指出某人所犯的错误 (errors)，C)选项说强调他不聪慧(not intelligent)，原文表述he has the potential of an Einstein(有爱因斯坦先生的潜质)，没有提到犯错误，因此正确答案为C)　　解除原则NO.2：解除与原文相关句主题不一样的选项　　主题一样性，是解除法的第一要义许多题目，仅仅通过主题不一样原则就可以解除得出正确答案　　句子主题，通常体现在名词或动词上因此审题和解除选项时，首先要关注句子中的核心名词和动词，找寻题目与选项的一样性　　例如上文提及的2022年12月Passage2 Q63：What does the author mean by saying 'money is known… to bring a relationship to its knees' (Line 1 Para.2)?　　原文相关句：Since money is known to be one of the things most likely to bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful.　　题目选项：　　A) Money is considered to be the root of all evils.　　B) Some people sacrifice their dignity for money.　　C) Few people can resist the temptation of money.　　D) Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.　　原文相关句主题为money和relationship之间的关系。

　　据此来考察各个选项：A) 提到money和evil(邪恶)之间的关系，主题不一样，解除B) 提到人们的尊严(dignity)的问题，主题不一样，解除C) 提到抵抗(resist)钱的诱惑(temptation)，主题不一样，解除只有D) 选项提到了money和relationship的关系，保留为正确答案　　对于难度稍大些的题目，可以多次叠加应用"主题相关"原则做解除　　如2022年12月Passage2 Q65：What does Kim Stephenson believe?　　本题目利用Kim Stephenson回原文找寻相关句，为第三段落首句：Kim Stephenson, an occupational　　psychologist, believes money is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes, which may be different things to men and women. 原文相关句可提取出如下主题：a big deal, symbolize, different things to men and women。

　　题目选项：　　A) Money is often a symbol of a person's status.　　B) Money means a great deal to both men and women.　　C) Men and women spend money on different things.　　D) Men and women view money in different ways.　　通读选项发觉，A)含有symbol，B)提到a great deal，C)和D)都提及了different things/ways因此，必需利用选项中其他主题词做其次轮解除：A)选项提到person's status(社会地位)，原文原句并未提及任何个人背景问题，解除;B)选项both men and women与原文所述different things to men and women不同，解除;C)提及spend money，原文未提到，解除因此，最终答案为D)D)选项中view money in different ways含义为"用不同的方式看待钱"，原文句义为"钱对于男人和女人所代表的(symbolize)的东西是不同的"。

可见，两句虽转换了描述方式，但基本含义是相同的　　解除原则NO.3：：解除用语过于极端或负面的选项　　四级阅读文章来源多为学术性的报纸期刊，其语言的一大特征是客观性和严谨性，因此鲜少出现极端或过于负面信息的表达假如题目选项中出现明显的极端选项，可以干脆解除　　例如上文提到的2022年12月Passage2 Q63中的A)、C)两个选项也可以利用极端原则干脆解除：A)选项Money is considered to be the root of all evils.(钱是万恶之源)，C)选项Few people can resist the temptation of money.(没人能抵抗得住钱的诱惑)，都是过于极端和负面的信息　　再如2022年6月四级考试Passage 1 Q61：What can be inferred from the last paragraph? 本文依旧探讨的是经济衰退给家庭关系带来的问题　　题目选项为：　　A) The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.　　B) Few couple can stand the test of economic hardships.　　C) A stable family is the best protection against poverty.　　D) Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.　　精读选项发觉，B) 几乎没有那个家庭可以经验经济困难的考验，过于极端和负面，解除;D) 钱才是许多华蜜婚姻的基石，过于负面，与主动阳光的普世价值相左，解除;C) 稳定的家庭是抵挡贫困的的爱护，虽然该选项是正面信息，但是best一词的推断力度未免太过剧烈。

因此，初步分析，选项A) 好像更加靠谱而回来原文验证后发觉，文章末段结尾句恰恰表达了选项A) 对应的含义：So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created. 只有当经济复苏之后，我们才能够看出究竟有多少家庭裂开了选项A) 意为"经济的复苏将见证离婚率的上升"二者为简洁的同义改写　　解除原则NO.4：留意结合文章主旨和主题做解除　　在解答个别较困难的题目时，除了应用以上解除原则外，还可以结合全文主旨和主题来解除选项作答，有时可大大简化做题的难度例如2022年6月四级考试 Passage1 Q60：What does Alec Webley consider to be the "definition of integration"?　　原文相关句："One of the great things about freshman housing is that, with some exceptions, the process throws you together randomly," said Undergraduate Assembly chairman Alec Webley. "This is the definition of integration."　　题目选项：　　A) Students of different races are required to share room.　　B) Interracial lodging is arranged by the school for freshmen.　　C) Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception.　　D) The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race.　　首先，C)选项without exception与原文相关句表述"with some exceptions"正好相反，解除。

在剩余三个选项中做推断时，可以参考全文主题主题句通常在文章开头：Several recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also, to a greater likelihood (可能性) of conflict. 从开头句可看出，全文探讨的主题是"随机给不同种族的同学支配宿舍"的问题再结合原文相关句中the process throws you together randomly，对于"随机"一词的重复印证，可以做出解除，选择答案D)而其他两选项也可通过主题相关原则做解除：A)选项的be required(被要求共用宿舍)，原句未提及;B)选项arranged by the school(由学校支配)，原文也未明确提出支配宿舍的主体※2022年6月英语四六级考试太难？只是你没有找对方法而已！点击查看秘籍！→点击进入免费试听>> *→点击进入免费试听>>四六级考试课程！本文来源：网络收集与整理，如有侵权，请联系作者删除，谢谢！第4页 共4页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 4 页第 4 页 共 。