英美文学选读复习资料全.docx

英国文学选读复习资料一. Geoffrey Chaucer （1340-1400）杰弗里.乔叟时期1、 the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父2、 heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed（押韵）lines in iambic pentameter（五步抑扬格）3、 代表作：the Can terbury Tales坎特伯雷的故事（英国文学史的开端）人文主义先驱，the fa ther of English poe try..第一个用英语写作的诗人二. William Shakespeare1. The four great tragedies by William Shakespeare are Hamlet , Othello , King Lear , Macbeth. 四大喜剧 是 A Midsummer Night's Dream ;As you like it ；Twelfth Night ；The merchant of Venice .the period of Revolution and Restoration （17世纪）资产阶级革命与王权复辟 prose 散 文1、 文学特点:the Puri tans（清 教徒）believed in simplicity of life disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry、 breaking up of old ideals.清教徒崇尚俭朴的生活、拒绝十四行诗和爱情诗、与旧思想脱离。

2、 代表人物：1） 、John Donne 约翰.多恩 The founder of the "metaphysical" poets （玄学派诗人）的 代表人物代表作:Love lyrics：Songs and sonne ts.The Flea.A Valediction： forbidding morning作品特点：① str ike the reader in Donne's extr aordinary frankness and pene trating realism.（坦诚的态度和现实描绘）② novelty of subject matter and point（新颖的题材和视角）③ novelty of its form.（新颖的形式）2） 、John Mil ton 约翰.弥尔顿 a great poe t 诗人 〔poem 诗歌 blank verse〕 was a radical puritan in politics and religion.激进清教徒分子{Defense for the English People》为英国人辩护《Paradise Lost》失乐园"Satan is not a villain"撒旦不是坏人《Paradise Regained》复乐园John Milton's three great poems are Paradise Lost_〔无韵诗 bland verse.故事情节 来自 Ole Tes tamen t,要知道此书的 t hem 和 Sa tan 的形象〕，_Paradise Regained, SafflSOnAgonistes. 〔poetical drama）the Roman tic Period （1798-1832）浪漫主义Pre-Romanticism was greatly influenced by the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution前浪漫主义极影响了工业革命和法国大革命。

教育意义 Educational： liberty, equality and fraternity 自由，平等，博爱开始的标志：beginning with the publica tion of W订 liam Wordsworth's《Lyrical Ballads》抒情歌谣集从威廉.华兹华斯发表的"抒情歌谣"开始4、 lake poets（湖畔诗人）：Coleridge,Robert Southey, Wordsworth5、 代表人物：1）、W订liam Wordsworth威廉.华兹华斯poet-laureate （桂冠诗人）romanticism英国最伟大的诗人自然的崇拜者英国桂冠诗人湖泊诗人〔消极浪漫 主义〕题材：nature and common people's lives.Lyrical ballads抒情歌谣集〔柯勒律治合编.浪漫主义宣言书〕I wandered lonely as a Cloud.〔最重要的〕The Rime of the Ancient Marine老船夫Kubla Khan忽必烈汗〔这 两个比拟重要点〕Samuel Taylor Coleridge 家 Lyrical ballads： c BilgraphiaLiteraria 文学传记〔此作者不太重要〕题材：Super Nature.作品特点：simplicity and purity of the language, fighting against the conventional forms of the 18th century poetryll.Jane Austen's subject matter was restricted to a narrow range of society and events, _a quiet, prosperous.middle-class circle_ in provincial surroundings.Jane Aus ten's novels, in order of publica tion, are Sense and Sensibi lity , Pride and Prejudice , Mansfield Park 曼斯菲尔德望庄园 Emma , Northanger Abbey 诺 桑觉诗.Persuasion劝导.她是中产阶级小说的发起人。

13. Percy Bysshe Shelley 雪莱P. B. Shelly's Ode to the Wes t Wind is in the form ofe_za rima_三行诗节.whose rhyme scheme is _aba.bcb.cbc.ded_. 最后两行为 ee.和 Byron 拜伦是晩期的浪 漫主义主要作品：《Prome theus Unbound》解放的普罗米修斯（drama）.A Defence of Poe try诗 辩Ode to her West Wind西风颂 To a Skylark致云雀The Revolt of Islam伊斯兰的反叛14. John Keats's many odes are looked upon as the greatest achievement in the history of English lit era tu re； among t hem are Ode to a Nigh ti ngale , Ode to Autumn , 〔这 个最重要〕Ode on a Grecian Urn .希腊古瓮颂Ode on Melancholy忧郁颂〔不太重要〕 他的诗歌没有雪莱和拜伦那么强的革命性，他的诗歌是为了缔造一个唯美的世界，为了追求 美而写作的°poem “Beauty is truth, truth beauty"美学原那么15. Mary Shelley玛丽雪莱长篇小说《Frankenstein》弗兰肯斯坦，或现代普罗米修斯〔恐 怖作品〕Critical Realism批判现实主义，Victorian Period维多利亚时期humanism人文主义1、 意义：Chartism signified the first great political movement of the proletariat in English history.在英国的历史中，宪章运动是伟大的无产阶级政治运动。

2、 代表人物：Alfred, Lord Tennysony主要作品是Ulysses尤利西斯，继华兹华斯被授予“桂冠诗人〃 的称号Robert Browning（第三位）悼念集In MemoriamA.H.H是英国文学史上最长的，也 是和弥尔顿、雪莱齐名最伟大的挽歌诗人 Idylls of the King国王诗歌短诗有Break,Break,Break.Crossing the bar此人政治态度保守，作品追求形式上的完美，富于 音乐性和色彩Charles Dickens 狄更斯 is regarded as a Critical realistic 批判现实主义novelist. His autobiographical novel is 一、匹克威克外传〔第一部长篇作品 Spicyand humor〕Oliver Twist奥利」佛，退斯特-雾都孤丿儿（描写孤儿生活）.反映小私有者悲惨生活 的 The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店 To expose the dark of the bourgeois, but have a warm criticism to the society二、 Christmas Tales 圣诞故事集 Dombey and Son 董贝父子。

David Copperfield. 大卫 科波菲尔〔Auto biographical novel, it' s the favo rite one of the author,描写了作 者的大量亲身经历〕Critical the money rule of the bourgeois and the characters of the work have more social meanings.三、 A Tale of Two Cities 双城记（描述 了法国大革命 French Revolution）GreatExpectation 远大前程 Hard Times 困难时事 Bleak House 荒凉山庄 Little Dorrit 小杜丽 《Pickwick Papers》Have less humors and the greatest significance to the social.特点：describing the misery and sufferings of common people.描述苦难和苦难的群众Charlotte Bronte 代表作 Jane Eyre1. The criticism of the bourgeois system of education.2. The criticism of the bourgeois system of marriage.3. Equal rights.Emlly Bronte 代表作 Wuthering HeightsThe tr ansi tion from 19th to 20th century in English lit era ture 19 至 l|20世纪英国文 学的过渡期1、 Aes the ticism 唯美主义 “ar t for art's sake" 为艺术而艺术2、 代表人物。

1) Thomas Hardy 悲观主义者。