civil rights movement 美国民权运动ppt.ppt

Civil rights movement,A. What is civil rights movement ? B. How did it come about? Or what was the background then? C. Big events timeline and great figures D. What was the result or the influence of it?,What is civil rights movement,The civil rights movement was a worldwide political movement for equality before the law occurring between approximately 1950s and 1980s. Main battle fields: Northern Ireland Africa Canada United States German France,,In many situations it took the form of campaigns of civil resistance aimed at achieving change by nonviolent forms of resistance.(sit-in , boycotts etc.) In some situations it was accompanied, or followed, by armed rebellion.,,,. How did it come about,After white-dominated Democratic Party regained political control over the South. The Republican Party—the “party of Lincoln“—which had been the party that most blacks belonged to, shrank to insignificance as black voter registration was suppressed. By the early 20th century, almost all elected officials in the South were Democrats.,,Ku Klux Klan Former Confederate soldiers founded the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) after the American Civil War (1861-1865). The KKK used violence and intimidation to prevent blacks from voting and holding office, and to keep them segregated.,,During the same time as African Americans were being disfranchised, white Democrats imposed racial segregation by law. Violence against blacks mushroomed. A movement was brewing…,,,Big events and important figures,It begins with a bus. The National City Lines bus, No. 2857, is now a museum exhibit at the Henry Ford Museum.,Big events and important figures,1955 -- Rosa Parks refused to move to the back of bus as required by city regulation; boycott followed and bus segregation ordinance is declared unconstitutional.,,,the system of segregation used on Montgomery buses,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Rosa Parks in 1955, February 4, 1913-24, 2005 (aged 92),,Trigger of the boycott one of the pioneers of the civil rights movement,Goal: to demand a fixed dividing line for the segregated sections of the buses: if the white section of the bus was oversubscribed, whites would have to stand; blacks need not give their seats to whites.,,The boycott gained support from black community. About 50 000 blacks participated,,Since the city’s black population who were the drivers of the boycott were also the main pary of the system‘s ridership. crippling financial deficit for the Montgomery public transit system,,Victory,on November 13, 1956, the Supreme Court ruled that Montgomery racial segregation laws for buses were illegal.,,1957 -- Arkansas Gov. uses National Guard to block nine black students from attending a Little Rock High School; following a court order, President Eisenhower sends in Federal Troops to ensure compliance.,,,1962 -- President Kennedy sends federal troops to the University of Mississippi to ensure James Meredith, the school's first black student, can attend.,1963 -- Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivers “I Have a Dream“ speech to hundreds of thousands at the March on Washington.,,1964 -- Congress passes Civil Rights Act declaring discrimination based on race illegal after 75-day long argument.,1968 -- Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee;,,1973 -- Maynard Jackson ,first black elected mayor of a major Southern U.S. city-- Atlanta 1975 --Voting Rights Act extended.,1988 -- Congress passes Civil Rights Restoration Act over President Reagan's veto. 1989 -- L. Douglas Wilder (Virginia) becomes first black elected governor.,,1991 -- Civil rights museum opens at King assassination site in Memphis. 2009 -- Barack Obama took the office of white house in 2009,,Influence,Before Rosa Parks died, she worried that the young generation of Black American might take equality before the law for granted while forget the effort and scarification of their forefathers. Now the status of black people have improved a lot as a result of civil right movement. But King’s dream of true equality for all still has not fully come true.,,demonstrator against racism,Black man was savaged by the police,,references,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_Bus_Boycott 。